pineapple/src/common/intrusive_red_black_tree.h

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosph�re-NX
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
 * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
 * more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

#pragma once

#include "common/parent_of_member.h"
#include "common/tree.h"

namespace Common {

namespace impl {

class IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl;

}

struct IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode {

private:
    RB_ENTRY(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode) entry;

    friend class impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl;

    template <class, class, class>
    friend class IntrusiveRedBlackTree;

public:
    constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode() : entry() { /* ... */
    }
};

template <class T, class Traits, class Comparator>
class IntrusiveRedBlackTree;

namespace impl {

class IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl {

private:
    template <class, class, class>
    friend class ::Common::IntrusiveRedBlackTree;

private:
    RB_HEAD(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRoot, IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode);
    using RootType = IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRoot;

private:
    IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRoot root;

public:
    template <bool Const>
    class Iterator;

    using value_type = IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode;
    using size_type = size_t;
    using difference_type = ptrdiff_t;
    using pointer = value_type*;
    using const_pointer = const value_type*;
    using reference = value_type&;
    using const_reference = const value_type&;
    using iterator = Iterator<false>;
    using const_iterator = Iterator<true>;

    template <bool Const>
    class Iterator {
    public:
        using iterator_category = std::bidirectional_iterator_tag;
        using value_type = typename IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl::value_type;
        using difference_type = typename IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl::difference_type;
        using pointer = typename std::conditional<Const, IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl::const_pointer,
                                                  IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl::pointer>::type;
        using reference =
            typename std::conditional<Const, IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl::const_reference,
                                      IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl::reference>::type;

    private:
        pointer node;

    public:
        explicit Iterator(pointer n) : node(n) { /* ... */
        }

        bool operator==(const Iterator& rhs) const {
            return this->node == rhs.node;
        }

        bool operator!=(const Iterator& rhs) const {
            return !(*this == rhs);
        }

        pointer operator->() const {
            return this->node;
        }

        reference operator*() const {
            return *this->node;
        }

        Iterator& operator++() {
            this->node = GetNext(this->node);
            return *this;
        }

        Iterator& operator--() {
            this->node = GetPrev(this->node);
            return *this;
        }

        Iterator operator++(int) {
            const Iterator it{*this};
            ++(*this);
            return it;
        }

        Iterator operator--(int) {
            const Iterator it{*this};
            --(*this);
            return it;
        }

        operator Iterator<true>() const {
            return Iterator<true>(this->node);
        }
    };

protected:
    /* Generate static implementations for non-comparison operations for IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRoot.
     */
    RB_GENERATE_WITHOUT_COMPARE_STATIC(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRoot, IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode, entry);

private:
    /* Define accessors using RB_* functions. */
    constexpr void InitializeImpl() {
        RB_INIT(&this->root);
    }

    bool EmptyImpl() const {
        return RB_EMPTY(&this->root);
    }

    IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* GetMinImpl() const {
        return RB_MIN(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRoot,
                      const_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRoot*>(&this->root));
    }

    IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* GetMaxImpl() const {
        return RB_MAX(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRoot,
                      const_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRoot*>(&this->root));
    }

    IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* RemoveImpl(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
        return RB_REMOVE(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRoot, &this->root, node);
    }

public:
    static IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* GetNext(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
        return RB_NEXT(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRoot, nullptr, node);
    }

    static IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* GetPrev(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
        return RB_PREV(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRoot, nullptr, node);
    }

    static IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode const* GetNext(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode const* node) {
        return static_cast<const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(
            GetNext(const_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(node)));
    }

    static IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode const* GetPrev(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode const* node) {
        return static_cast<const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(
            GetPrev(const_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(node)));
    }

public:
    constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl() : root() {
        this->InitializeImpl();
    }

    /* Iterator accessors. */
    iterator begin() {
        return iterator(this->GetMinImpl());
    }

    const_iterator begin() const {
        return const_iterator(this->GetMinImpl());
    }

    iterator end() {
        return iterator(static_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(nullptr));
    }

    const_iterator end() const {
        return const_iterator(static_cast<const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(nullptr));
    }

    const_iterator cbegin() const {
        return this->begin();
    }

    const_iterator cend() const {
        return this->end();
    }

    iterator iterator_to(reference ref) {
        return iterator(&ref);
    }

    const_iterator iterator_to(const_reference ref) const {
        return const_iterator(&ref);
    }

    /* Content management. */
    bool empty() const {
        return this->EmptyImpl();
    }

    reference back() {
        return *this->GetMaxImpl();
    }

    const_reference back() const {
        return *this->GetMaxImpl();
    }

    reference front() {
        return *this->GetMinImpl();
    }

    const_reference front() const {
        return *this->GetMinImpl();
    }

    iterator erase(iterator it) {
        auto cur = std::addressof(*it);
        auto next = GetNext(cur);
        this->RemoveImpl(cur);
        return iterator(next);
    }
};

} // namespace impl

template <typename T>
concept HasLightCompareType = requires {
    { std::is_same<typename T::LightCompareType, void>::value }
    ->std::convertible_to<bool>;
};

namespace impl {

template <typename T, typename Default>
consteval auto* GetLightCompareType() {
    if constexpr (HasLightCompareType<T>) {
        return static_cast<typename T::LightCompareType*>(nullptr);
    } else {
        return static_cast<Default*>(nullptr);
    }
}

} // namespace impl

template <typename T, typename Default>
using LightCompareType =
    typename std::remove_pointer<decltype(impl::GetLightCompareType<T, Default>())>::type;

template <class T, class Traits, class Comparator>
class IntrusiveRedBlackTree {

public:
    using ImplType = impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl;

private:
    ImplType impl;

public:
    struct IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRootWithCompare : ImplType::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRoot {};

    template <bool Const>
    class Iterator;

    using value_type = T;
    using size_type = size_t;
    using difference_type = ptrdiff_t;
    using pointer = T*;
    using const_pointer = const T*;
    using reference = T&;
    using const_reference = const T&;
    using iterator = Iterator<false>;
    using const_iterator = Iterator<true>;

    using light_value_type = LightCompareType<Comparator, value_type>;
    using const_light_pointer = const light_value_type*;
    using const_light_reference = const light_value_type&;

    template <bool Const>
    class Iterator {
    public:
        friend class IntrusiveRedBlackTree<T, Traits, Comparator>;

        using ImplIterator =
            typename std::conditional<Const, ImplType::const_iterator, ImplType::iterator>::type;

        using iterator_category = std::bidirectional_iterator_tag;
        using value_type = typename IntrusiveRedBlackTree::value_type;
        using difference_type = typename IntrusiveRedBlackTree::difference_type;
        using pointer = typename std::conditional<Const, IntrusiveRedBlackTree::const_pointer,
                                                  IntrusiveRedBlackTree::pointer>::type;
        using reference = typename std::conditional<Const, IntrusiveRedBlackTree::const_reference,
                                                    IntrusiveRedBlackTree::reference>::type;

    private:
        ImplIterator iterator;

    private:
        explicit Iterator(ImplIterator it) : iterator(it) { /* ... */
        }

        explicit Iterator(typename std::conditional<Const, ImplType::const_iterator,
                                                    ImplType::iterator>::type::pointer ptr)
            : iterator(ptr) { /* ... */
        }

        ImplIterator GetImplIterator() const {
            return this->iterator;
        }

    public:
        bool operator==(const Iterator& rhs) const {
            return this->iterator == rhs.iterator;
        }

        bool operator!=(const Iterator& rhs) const {
            return !(*this == rhs);
        }

        pointer operator->() const {
            return Traits::GetParent(std::addressof(*this->iterator));
        }

        reference operator*() const {
            return *Traits::GetParent(std::addressof(*this->iterator));
        }

        Iterator& operator++() {
            ++this->iterator;
            return *this;
        }

        Iterator& operator--() {
            --this->iterator;
            return *this;
        }

        Iterator operator++(int) {
            const Iterator it{*this};
            ++this->iterator;
            return it;
        }

        Iterator operator--(int) {
            const Iterator it{*this};
            --this->iterator;
            return it;
        }

        operator Iterator<true>() const {
            return Iterator<true>(this->iterator);
        }
    };

private:
    /* Generate static implementations for comparison operations for IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRoot. */
    RB_GENERATE_WITH_COMPARE_STATIC(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRootWithCompare, IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode,
                                    entry, CompareImpl, LightCompareImpl);

private:
    static int CompareImpl(const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* lhs,
                           const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* rhs) {
        return Comparator::Compare(*Traits::GetParent(lhs), *Traits::GetParent(rhs));
    }

    static int LightCompareImpl(const void* elm, const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* rhs) {
        return Comparator::Compare(*static_cast<const_light_pointer>(elm), *Traits::GetParent(rhs));
    }

    /* Define accessors using RB_* functions. */
    IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* InsertImpl(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
        return RB_INSERT(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRootWithCompare,
                         static_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRootWithCompare*>(&this->impl.root),
                         node);
    }

    IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* FindImpl(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode const* node) const {
        return RB_FIND(
            IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRootWithCompare,
            const_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRootWithCompare*>(
                static_cast<const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRootWithCompare*>(&this->impl.root)),
            const_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(node));
    }

    IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* NFindImpl(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode const* node) const {
        return RB_NFIND(
            IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRootWithCompare,
            const_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRootWithCompare*>(
                static_cast<const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRootWithCompare*>(&this->impl.root)),
            const_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(node));
    }

    IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* FindLightImpl(const_light_pointer lelm) const {
        return RB_FIND_LIGHT(
            IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRootWithCompare,
            const_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRootWithCompare*>(
                static_cast<const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRootWithCompare*>(&this->impl.root)),
            static_cast<const void*>(lelm));
    }

    IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* NFindLightImpl(const_light_pointer lelm) const {
        return RB_NFIND_LIGHT(
            IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRootWithCompare,
            const_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRootWithCompare*>(
                static_cast<const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeRootWithCompare*>(&this->impl.root)),
            static_cast<const void*>(lelm));
    }

public:
    constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTree() : impl() { /* ... */
    }

    /* Iterator accessors. */
    iterator begin() {
        return iterator(this->impl.begin());
    }

    const_iterator begin() const {
        return const_iterator(this->impl.begin());
    }

    iterator end() {
        return iterator(this->impl.end());
    }

    const_iterator end() const {
        return const_iterator(this->impl.end());
    }

    const_iterator cbegin() const {
        return this->begin();
    }

    const_iterator cend() const {
        return this->end();
    }

    iterator iterator_to(reference ref) {
        return iterator(this->impl.iterator_to(*Traits::GetNode(std::addressof(ref))));
    }

    const_iterator iterator_to(const_reference ref) const {
        return const_iterator(this->impl.iterator_to(*Traits::GetNode(std::addressof(ref))));
    }

    /* Content management. */
    bool empty() const {
        return this->impl.empty();
    }

    reference back() {
        return *Traits::GetParent(std::addressof(this->impl.back()));
    }

    const_reference back() const {
        return *Traits::GetParent(std::addressof(this->impl.back()));
    }

    reference front() {
        return *Traits::GetParent(std::addressof(this->impl.front()));
    }

    const_reference front() const {
        return *Traits::GetParent(std::addressof(this->impl.front()));
    }

    iterator erase(iterator it) {
        return iterator(this->impl.erase(it.GetImplIterator()));
    }

    iterator insert(reference ref) {
        ImplType::pointer node = Traits::GetNode(std::addressof(ref));
        this->InsertImpl(node);
        return iterator(node);
    }

    iterator find(const_reference ref) const {
        return iterator(this->FindImpl(Traits::GetNode(std::addressof(ref))));
    }

    iterator nfind(const_reference ref) const {
        return iterator(this->NFindImpl(Traits::GetNode(std::addressof(ref))));
    }

    iterator find_light(const_light_reference ref) const {
        return iterator(this->FindLightImpl(std::addressof(ref)));
    }

    iterator nfind_light(const_light_reference ref) const {
        return iterator(this->NFindLightImpl(std::addressof(ref)));
    }
};

template <auto T, class Derived = impl::GetParentType<T>>
class IntrusiveRedBlackTreeMemberTraits;

template <class Parent, IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode Parent::*Member, class Derived>
class IntrusiveRedBlackTreeMemberTraits<Member, Derived> {
public:
    template <class Comparator>
    using TreeType = IntrusiveRedBlackTree<Derived, IntrusiveRedBlackTreeMemberTraits, Comparator>;
    using TreeTypeImpl = impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl;

private:
    template <class, class, class>
    friend class IntrusiveRedBlackTree;

    friend class impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl;

    static constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* GetNode(Derived* parent) {
        return std::addressof(parent->*Member);
    }

    static constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode const* GetNode(Derived const* parent) {
        return std::addressof(parent->*Member);
    }

    static constexpr Derived* GetParent(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
        return GetParentPointer<Member, Derived>(node);
    }

    static constexpr Derived const* GetParent(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode const* node) {
        return GetParentPointer<Member, Derived>(node);
    }

private:
    static constexpr TYPED_STORAGE(Derived) DerivedStorage = {};
    static_assert(GetParent(GetNode(GetPointer(DerivedStorage))) == GetPointer(DerivedStorage));
};

template <auto T, class Derived = impl::GetParentType<T>>
class IntrusiveRedBlackTreeMemberTraitsDeferredAssert;

template <class Parent, IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode Parent::*Member, class Derived>
class IntrusiveRedBlackTreeMemberTraitsDeferredAssert<Member, Derived> {
public:
    template <class Comparator>
    using TreeType =
        IntrusiveRedBlackTree<Derived, IntrusiveRedBlackTreeMemberTraitsDeferredAssert, Comparator>;
    using TreeTypeImpl = impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl;

    static constexpr bool IsValid() {
        TYPED_STORAGE(Derived) DerivedStorage = {};
        return GetParent(GetNode(GetPointer(DerivedStorage))) == GetPointer(DerivedStorage);
    }

private:
    template <class, class, class>
    friend class IntrusiveRedBlackTree;

    friend class impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl;

    static constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* GetNode(Derived* parent) {
        return std::addressof(parent->*Member);
    }

    static constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode const* GetNode(Derived const* parent) {
        return std::addressof(parent->*Member);
    }

    static constexpr Derived* GetParent(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
        return GetParentPointer<Member, Derived>(node);
    }

    static constexpr Derived const* GetParent(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode const* node) {
        return GetParentPointer<Member, Derived>(node);
    }
};

template <class Derived>
class IntrusiveRedBlackTreeBaseNode : public IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode {
public:
    constexpr Derived* GetPrev() {
        return static_cast<Derived*>(impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl::GetPrev(this));
    }
    constexpr const Derived* GetPrev() const {
        return static_cast<const Derived*>(impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl::GetPrev(this));
    }

    constexpr Derived* GetNext() {
        return static_cast<Derived*>(impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl::GetNext(this));
    }
    constexpr const Derived* GetNext() const {
        return static_cast<const Derived*>(impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl::GetNext(this));
    }
};

template <class Derived>
class IntrusiveRedBlackTreeBaseTraits {
public:
    template <class Comparator>
    using TreeType = IntrusiveRedBlackTree<Derived, IntrusiveRedBlackTreeBaseTraits, Comparator>;
    using TreeTypeImpl = impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl;

private:
    template <class, class, class>
    friend class IntrusiveRedBlackTree;

    friend class impl::IntrusiveRedBlackTreeImpl;

    static constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* GetNode(Derived* parent) {
        return static_cast<IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(parent);
    }

    static constexpr IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode const* GetNode(Derived const* parent) {
        return static_cast<const IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode*>(parent);
    }

    static constexpr Derived* GetParent(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode* node) {
        return static_cast<Derived*>(node);
    }

    static constexpr Derived const* GetParent(IntrusiveRedBlackTreeNode const* node) {
        return static_cast<const Derived*>(node);
    }
};

} // namespace Common