early-access version 1840

README.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 yuzu emulator early access
 =============
 
-This is the source code for early-access 1838.
+This is the source code for early-access 1840.
 
 ## Legal Notice
 

src/audio_core/audio_out.cpp

@@ -30,7 +30,8 @@ StreamPtr AudioOut::OpenStream(Core::Timing::CoreTiming& core_timing, u32 sample
                                u32 num_channels, std::string&& name,
                                Stream::ReleaseCallback&& release_callback) {
     if (!sink) {
-        sink = CreateSinkFromID(Settings::values.sink_id, Settings::values.audio_device_id);
+        sink = CreateSinkFromID(Settings::values.sink_id.GetValue(),
+                                Settings::values.audio_device_id.GetValue());
     }
 
     return std::make_shared<Stream>(

src/common/settings.cpp

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ void LogSettings() {
     LOG_INFO(Config, "yuzu Configuration:");
     log_setting("Controls_UseDockedMode", values.use_docked_mode.GetValue());
     log_setting("System_RngSeed", values.rng_seed.GetValue().value_or(0));
-    log_setting("System_CurrentUser", values.current_user);
+    log_setting("System_CurrentUser", values.current_user.GetValue());
     log_setting("System_LanguageIndex", values.language_index.GetValue());
     log_setting("System_RegionIndex", values.region_index.GetValue());
     log_setting("System_TimeZoneIndex", values.time_zone_index.GetValue());
@@ -61,18 +61,18 @@ void LogSettings() {
     log_setting("Renderer_UseAsynchronousShaders", values.use_asynchronous_shaders.GetValue());
     log_setting("Renderer_UseGarbageCollection", values.use_caches_gc.GetValue());
     log_setting("Renderer_AnisotropicFilteringLevel", values.max_anisotropy.GetValue());
-    log_setting("Audio_OutputEngine", values.sink_id);
+    log_setting("Audio_OutputEngine", values.sink_id.GetValue());
     log_setting("Audio_EnableAudioStretching", values.enable_audio_stretching.GetValue());
-    log_setting("Audio_OutputDevice", values.audio_device_id);
+    log_setting("Audio_OutputDevice", values.audio_device_id.GetValue());
-    log_setting("DataStorage_UseVirtualSd", values.use_virtual_sd);
+    log_setting("DataStorage_UseVirtualSd", values.use_virtual_sd.GetValue());
     log_path("DataStorage_CacheDir", Common::FS::GetYuzuPath(Common::FS::YuzuPath::CacheDir));
     log_path("DataStorage_ConfigDir", Common::FS::GetYuzuPath(Common::FS::YuzuPath::ConfigDir));
     log_path("DataStorage_LoadDir", Common::FS::GetYuzuPath(Common::FS::YuzuPath::LoadDir));
     log_path("DataStorage_NANDDir", Common::FS::GetYuzuPath(Common::FS::YuzuPath::NANDDir));
     log_path("DataStorage_SDMCDir", Common::FS::GetYuzuPath(Common::FS::YuzuPath::SDMCDir));
-    log_setting("Debugging_ProgramArgs", values.program_args);
+    log_setting("Debugging_ProgramArgs", values.program_args.GetValue());
-    log_setting("Services_BCATBackend", values.bcat_backend);
+    log_setting("Services_BCATBackend", values.bcat_backend.GetValue());
-    log_setting("Services_BCATBoxcatLocal", values.bcat_boxcat_local);
+    log_setting("Services_BCATBoxcatLocal", values.bcat_boxcat_local.GetValue());
 }
 
 bool IsConfiguringGlobal() {
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ bool IsGPULevelHigh() {
 
 bool IsFastmemEnabled() {
     if (values.cpu_accuracy.GetValue() == CPUAccuracy::DebugMode) {
-        return values.cpuopt_fastmem;
+        return static_cast<bool>(values.cpuopt_fastmem);
     }
     return true;
 }

src/common/settings.h

@@ -10,10 +10,12 @@
 #include <map>
 #include <optional>
 #include <string>
+#include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/settings_input.h"
+#include "input_common/udp/client.h"
 
 namespace Settings {
 
@@ -34,68 +36,236 @@ enum class CPUAccuracy : u32 {
     DebugMode = 2,
 };
 
+/** The BasicSetting class is a simple resource manager. It defines a label and default value
+ * alongside the actual value of the setting for simpler and less-error prone use with frontend
+ * configurations. Setting a default value and label is required, though subclasses may deviate from
+ * this requirement.
+ */
 template <typename Type>
-class Setting final {
+class BasicSetting {
+protected:
+    BasicSetting() = default;
+
+    /**
+     * Only sets the setting to the given initializer, leaving the other members to their default
+     * initializers.
+     *
+     * @param global_val Initial value of the setting
+     */
+    explicit BasicSetting(const Type& global_val) : global{global_val} {}
+
 public:
-    Setting() = default;
+    /**
-    explicit Setting(Type val) : global{val} {}
+     * Sets a default value, label, and setting value.
-    ~Setting() = default;
+     *
-    void SetGlobal(bool to_global) {
+     * @param default_val Intial value of the setting, and default value of the setting
-        use_global = to_global;
+     * @param name Label for the setting
-    }
+     */
-    bool UsingGlobal() const {
+    explicit BasicSetting(const Type& default_val, const std::string& name)
-        return use_global;
+        : default_value{default_val}, global{default_val}, label{name} {}
-    }
+    ~BasicSetting() = default;
-    Type GetValue(bool need_global = false) const {
+
-        if (use_global || need_global) {
+    /**
+     *  Returns a reference to the setting's value.
+     *
+     * @returns A reference to the setting
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] const Type& GetValue() const {
         return global;
     }
-        return local;
+
-    }
+    /**
+     * Sets the setting to the given value.
+     *
+     * @param value The desired value
+     */
     void SetValue(const Type& value) {
-        if (use_global) {
+        Type temp{value};
-            global = value;
+        std::swap(global, temp);
-        } else {
-            local = value;
-        }
     }
 
-private:
+    /**
-    bool use_global = true;
+     * Returns the value that this setting was created with.
-    Type global{};
+     *
-    Type local{};
+     * @returns A reference to the default value
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] const Type& GetDefault() const {
+        return default_value;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the label this setting was created with.
+     *
+     * @returns A reference to the label
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] const std::string& GetLabel() const {
+        return label;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Assigns a value to the setting.
+     *
+     * @param value The desired setting value
+     *
+     * @returns A reference to the setting
+     */
+    const Type& operator=(const Type& value) {
+        Type temp{value};
+        std::swap(global, temp);
+        return global;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a reference to the setting.
+     *
+     * @returns A reference to the setting
+     */
+    explicit operator const Type&() const {
+        return global;
+    }
+
+protected:
+    const Type default_value{}; ///< The default value
+    Type global{};              ///< The setting
+    const std::string label{};  ///< The setting's label
 };
 
 /**
- * The InputSetting class allows for getting a reference to either the global or local members.
+ * The Setting class is a slightly more complex version of the BasicSetting class. This adds a
+ * custom setting to switch to when a guest application specifically requires it. The effect is that
+ * other components of the emulator can access the setting's intended value without any need for the
+ * component to ask whether the custom or global setting is needed at the moment.
+ *
+ * By default, the global setting is used.
+ *
+ * Like the BasicSetting, this requires setting a default value and label to use.
+ */
+template <typename Type>
+class Setting final : public BasicSetting<Type> {
+public:
+    /**
+     * Sets a default value, label, and setting value.
+     *
+     * @param default_val Intial value of the setting, and default value of the setting
+     * @param name Label for the setting
+     */
+    explicit Setting(const Type& default_val, const std::string& name)
+        : BasicSetting<Type>(default_val, name) {}
+    ~Setting() = default;
+
+    /**
+     * Tells this setting to represent either the global or custom setting when other member
+     * functions are used. Setting to_global to true means using the global setting, to false
+     * false for the custom setting.
+     *
+     * @param to_global Whether to use the global or custom setting.
+     */
+    void SetGlobal(bool to_global) {
+        use_global = to_global;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns whether this setting is using the global setting or not.
+     *
+     * @returns The global state
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] bool UsingGlobal() const {
+        return use_global;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns either the global or custom setting depending on the values of this setting's global
+     * state or if the global value was specifically requested.
+     *
+     * @param need_global Request global value regardless of setting's state; defaults to false
+     *
+     * @returns The required value of the setting
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] const Type& GetValue(bool need_global = false) const {
+        if (use_global || need_global) {
+            return this->global;
+        }
+        return custom;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the current setting value depending on the global state.
+     *
+     * @param value The new value
+     */
+    void SetValue(const Type& value) {
+        Type temp{value};
+        if (use_global) {
+            std::swap(this->global, temp);
+        } else {
+            std::swap(custom, temp);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Assigns the current setting value depending on the global state.
+     *
+     * @param value The new value
+     *
+     * @returns A reference to the current setting value
+     */
+    const Type& operator=(const Type& value) {
+        Type temp{value};
+        if (use_global) {
+            std::swap(this->global, temp);
+            return this->global;
+        }
+        std::swap(custom, temp);
+        return custom;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the current setting value depending on the global state.
+     *
+     * @returns A reference to the current setting value
+     */
+    explicit operator const Type&() const {
+        if (use_global) {
+            return this->global;
+        }
+        return custom;
+    }
+
+private:
+    bool use_global{true}; ///< The setting's global state
+    Type custom{};         ///< The custom value of the setting
+};
+
+/**
+ * The InputSetting class allows for getting a reference to either the global or custom members.
  * This is required as we cannot easily modify the values of user-defined types within containers
  * using the SetValue() member function found in the Setting class. The primary purpose of this
- * class is to store an array of 10 PlayerInput structs for both the global and local (per-game)
+ * class is to store an array of 10 PlayerInput structs for both the global and custom setting and
- * setting and allows for easily accessing and modifying both settings.
+ * allows for easily accessing and modifying both settings.
  */
 template <typename Type>
 class InputSetting final {
 public:
     InputSetting() = default;
-    explicit InputSetting(Type val) : global{val} {}
+    explicit InputSetting(Type val) : BasicSetting<Type>(val) {}
     ~InputSetting() = default;
     void SetGlobal(bool to_global) {
         use_global = to_global;
     }
-    bool UsingGlobal() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] bool UsingGlobal() const {
         return use_global;
     }
-    Type& GetValue(bool need_global = false) {
+    [[nodiscard]] Type& GetValue(bool need_global = false) {
         if (use_global || need_global) {
             return global;
         }
-        return local;
+        return custom;
     }
 
 private:
-    bool use_global = true;
+    bool use_global{true}; ///< The setting's global state
-    Type global{};
+    Type global{};         ///< The setting
-    Type local{};
+    Type custom{};         ///< The custom setting value
 };
 
 struct TouchFromButtonMap {
@@ -105,144 +275,155 @@ struct TouchFromButtonMap {
 
 struct Values {
     // Audio
-    std::string audio_device_id;
+    BasicSetting<std::string> audio_device_id{"auto", "output_device"};
-    std::string sink_id;
+    BasicSetting<std::string> sink_id{"auto", "output_engine"};
-    bool audio_muted;
+    BasicSetting<bool> audio_muted{false, "audio_muted"};
-    Setting<bool> enable_audio_stretching;
+    Setting<bool> enable_audio_stretching{true, "enable_audio_stretching"};
-    Setting<float> volume;
+    Setting<float> volume{1.0f, "volume"};
 
     // Core
-    Setting<bool> use_multi_core;
+    Setting<bool> use_multi_core{true, "use_multi_core"};
 
     // Cpu
-    Setting<CPUAccuracy> cpu_accuracy;
+    Setting<CPUAccuracy> cpu_accuracy{CPUAccuracy::Accurate, "cpu_accuracy"};
 
-    bool cpuopt_page_tables;
+    BasicSetting<bool> cpuopt_page_tables{true, "cpuopt_page_tables"};
-    bool cpuopt_block_linking;
+    BasicSetting<bool> cpuopt_block_linking{true, "cpuopt_block_linking"};
-    bool cpuopt_return_stack_buffer;
+    BasicSetting<bool> cpuopt_return_stack_buffer{true, "cpuopt_return_stack_buffer"};
-    bool cpuopt_fast_dispatcher;
+    BasicSetting<bool> cpuopt_fast_dispatcher{true, "cpuopt_fast_dispatcher"};
-    bool cpuopt_context_elimination;
+    BasicSetting<bool> cpuopt_context_elimination{true, "cpuopt_context_elimination"};
-    bool cpuopt_const_prop;
+    BasicSetting<bool> cpuopt_const_prop{true, "cpuopt_const_prop"};
-    bool cpuopt_misc_ir;
+    BasicSetting<bool> cpuopt_misc_ir{true, "cpuopt_misc_ir"};
-    bool cpuopt_reduce_misalign_checks;
+    BasicSetting<bool> cpuopt_reduce_misalign_checks{true, "cpuopt_reduce_misalign_checks"};
-    bool cpuopt_fastmem;
+    BasicSetting<bool> cpuopt_fastmem{true, "cpuopt_fastmem"};
 
-    Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_unfuse_fma;
+    Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_unfuse_fma{true, "cpuopt_unsafe_unfuse_fma"};
-    Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_reduce_fp_error;
+    Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_reduce_fp_error{true, "cpuopt_unsafe_reduce_fp_error"};
-    Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_ignore_standard_fpcr;
+    Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_ignore_standard_fpcr{true, "cpuopt_unsafe_ignore_standard_fpcr"};
-    Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_inaccurate_nan;
+    Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_inaccurate_nan{true, "cpuopt_unsafe_inaccurate_nan"};
-    Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_fastmem_check;
+    Setting<bool> cpuopt_unsafe_fastmem_check{true, "cpuopt_unsafe_fastmem_check"};
 
     // Renderer
-    Setting<RendererBackend> renderer_backend;
+    Setting<RendererBackend> renderer_backend{RendererBackend::OpenGL, "backend"};
-    bool renderer_debug;
+    BasicSetting<bool> renderer_debug{false, "debug"};
-    Setting<int> vulkan_device;
+    Setting<int> vulkan_device{0, "vulkan_device"};
 
-    Setting<u16> resolution_factor{1};
+    Setting<u16> resolution_factor{1, "resolution_factor"};
-    Setting<int> fullscreen_mode;
+    // *nix platforms may have issues with the borderless windowed fullscreen mode.
-    Setting<int> aspect_ratio;
+    // Default to exclusive fullscreen on these platforms for now.
-    Setting<int> max_anisotropy;
+    Setting<int> fullscreen_mode{
-    Setting<bool> use_frame_limit;
+#ifdef _WIN32
-    Setting<u16> frame_limit;
+        0,
-    Setting<bool> use_disk_shader_cache;
+#else
-    Setting<GPUAccuracy> gpu_accuracy;
+        1,
-    Setting<bool> use_asynchronous_gpu_emulation;
+#endif
-    Setting<bool> use_nvdec_emulation;
+        "fullscreen_mode"};
-    Setting<bool> accelerate_astc;
+    Setting<int> aspect_ratio{0, "aspect_ratio"};
-    Setting<bool> use_vsync;
+    Setting<int> max_anisotropy{0, "max_anisotropy"};
-    Setting<bool> disable_fps_limit;
+    Setting<bool> use_frame_limit{true, "use_frame_limit"};
-    Setting<bool> use_assembly_shaders;
+    Setting<u16> frame_limit{100, "frame_limit"};
-    Setting<bool> use_asynchronous_shaders;
+    Setting<bool> use_disk_shader_cache{true, "use_disk_shader_cache"};
-    Setting<bool> use_fast_gpu_time;
+    Setting<GPUAccuracy> gpu_accuracy{GPUAccuracy::High, "gpu_accuracy"};
-    Setting<bool> use_caches_gc;
+    Setting<bool> use_asynchronous_gpu_emulation{true, "use_asynchronous_gpu_emulation"};
+    Setting<bool> use_nvdec_emulation{true, "use_nvdec_emulation"};
+    Setting<bool> accelerate_astc{true, "accelerate_astc"};
+    Setting<bool> use_vsync{true, "use_vsync"};
+    Setting<bool> disable_fps_limit{false, "disable_fps_limit"};
+    Setting<bool> use_assembly_shaders{false, "use_assembly_shaders"};
+    Setting<bool> use_asynchronous_shaders{false, "use_asynchronous_shaders"};
+    Setting<bool> use_fast_gpu_time{true, "use_fast_gpu_time"};
+    Setting<bool> use_caches_gc{false, "use_caches_gc"};
 
-    Setting<float> bg_red;
+    Setting<float> bg_red{0.0f, "bg_red"};
-    Setting<float> bg_green;
+    Setting<float> bg_green{0.0f, "bg_green"};
-    Setting<float> bg_blue;
+    Setting<float> bg_blue{0.0f, "bg_blue"};
 
     // System
-    Setting<std::optional<u32>> rng_seed;
+    Setting<std::optional<u32>> rng_seed{std::optional<u32>(), "rng_seed"};
     // Measured in seconds since epoch
     std::optional<std::chrono::seconds> custom_rtc;
     // Set on game boot, reset on stop. Seconds difference between current time and `custom_rtc`
     std::chrono::seconds custom_rtc_differential;
 
-    s32 current_user;
+    BasicSetting<s32> current_user{0, "current_user"};
-    Setting<s32> language_index;
+    Setting<s32> language_index{1, "language_index"};
-    Setting<s32> region_index;
+    Setting<s32> region_index{1, "region_index"};
-    Setting<s32> time_zone_index;
+    Setting<s32> time_zone_index{0, "time_zone_index"};
-    Setting<s32> sound_index;
+    Setting<s32> sound_index{1, "sound_index"};
 
     // Controls
     InputSetting<std::array<PlayerInput, 10>> players;
 
-    Setting<bool> use_docked_mode;
+    Setting<bool> use_docked_mode{true, "use_docked_mode"};
 
-    Setting<bool> vibration_enabled;
+    Setting<bool> vibration_enabled{true, "vibration_enabled"};
-    Setting<bool> enable_accurate_vibrations;
+    Setting<bool> enable_accurate_vibrations{false, "enable_accurate_vibrations"};
 
-    Setting<bool> motion_enabled;
+    Setting<bool> motion_enabled{true, "motion_enabled"};
-    std::string motion_device;
+    BasicSetting<std::string> motion_device{"engine:motion_emu,update_period:100,sensitivity:0.01",
-    std::string udp_input_servers;
+                                            "motion_device"};
+    BasicSetting<std::string> udp_input_servers{InputCommon::CemuhookUDP::DEFAULT_SRV,
+                                                "udp_input_servers"};
 
-    bool mouse_panning;
+    BasicSetting<bool> mouse_panning{false, "mouse_panning"};
-    float mouse_panning_sensitivity;
+    BasicSetting<float> mouse_panning_sensitivity{1.0f, "mouse_panning_sensitivity"};
-    bool mouse_enabled;
+    BasicSetting<bool> mouse_enabled{false, "mouse_enabled"};
     std::string mouse_device;
     MouseButtonsRaw mouse_buttons;
 
-    bool emulate_analog_keyboard;
+    BasicSetting<bool> emulate_analog_keyboard{false, "emulate_analog_keyboard"};
-    bool keyboard_enabled;
+    BasicSetting<bool> keyboard_enabled{false, "keyboard_enabled"};
     KeyboardKeysRaw keyboard_keys;
     KeyboardModsRaw keyboard_mods;
 
-    bool debug_pad_enabled;
+    BasicSetting<bool> debug_pad_enabled{false, "debug_pad_enabled"};
     ButtonsRaw debug_pad_buttons;
     AnalogsRaw debug_pad_analogs;
 
     TouchscreenInput touchscreen;
 
-    bool use_touch_from_button;
+    BasicSetting<bool> use_touch_from_button{false, "use_touch_from_button"};
-    std::string touch_device;
+    BasicSetting<std::string> touch_device{"min_x:100,min_y:50,max_x:1800,max_y:850",
-    int touch_from_button_map_index;
+                                           "touch_device"};
+    BasicSetting<int> touch_from_button_map_index{0, "touch_from_button_map"};
     std::vector<TouchFromButtonMap> touch_from_button_maps;
 
     std::atomic_bool is_device_reload_pending{true};
 
     // Data Storage
-    bool use_virtual_sd;
+    BasicSetting<bool> use_virtual_sd{true, "use_virtual_sd"};
-    bool gamecard_inserted;
+    BasicSetting<bool> gamecard_inserted{false, "gamecard_inserted"};
-    bool gamecard_current_game;
+    BasicSetting<bool> gamecard_current_game{false, "gamecard_current_game"};
-    std::string gamecard_path;
+    BasicSetting<std::string> gamecard_path{std::string(), "gamecard_path"};
 
     // Debugging
     bool record_frame_times;
-    bool use_gdbstub;
+    BasicSetting<bool> use_gdbstub{false, "use_gdbstub"};
-    u16 gdbstub_port;
+    BasicSetting<u16> gdbstub_port{0, "gdbstub_port"};
-    std::string program_args;
+    BasicSetting<std::string> program_args{std::string(), "program_args"};
-    bool dump_exefs;
+    BasicSetting<bool> dump_exefs{false, "dump_exefs"};
-    bool dump_nso;
+    BasicSetting<bool> dump_nso{false, "dump_nso"};
-    bool enable_fs_access_log;
+    BasicSetting<bool> enable_fs_access_log{false, "enable_fs_access_log"};
-    bool reporting_services;
+    BasicSetting<bool> reporting_services{false, "reporting_services"};
-    bool quest_flag;
+    BasicSetting<bool> quest_flag{false, "quest_flag"};
-    bool disable_macro_jit;
+    BasicSetting<bool> disable_macro_jit{false, "disable_macro_jit"};
-    bool extended_logging;
+    BasicSetting<bool> extended_logging{false, "extended_logging"};
-    bool use_debug_asserts;
+    BasicSetting<bool> use_debug_asserts{false, "use_debug_asserts"};
-    bool use_auto_stub;
+    BasicSetting<bool> use_auto_stub{false, "use_auto_stub"};
 
     // Miscellaneous
-    std::string log_filter;
+    BasicSetting<std::string> log_filter{"*:Info", "log_filter"};
-    bool use_dev_keys;
+    BasicSetting<bool> use_dev_keys{false, "use_dev_keys"};
 
     // Services
-    std::string bcat_backend;
+    BasicSetting<std::string> bcat_backend{"none", "bcat_backend"};
-    bool bcat_boxcat_local;
+    BasicSetting<bool> bcat_boxcat_local{false, "bcat_boxcat_local"};
 
     // WebService
-    bool enable_telemetry;
+    BasicSetting<bool> enable_telemetry{true, "enable_telemetry"};
-    std::string web_api_url;
+    BasicSetting<std::string> web_api_url{"https://api.yuzu-emu.org", "web_api_url"};
-    std::string yuzu_username;
+    BasicSetting<std::string> yuzu_username{std::string(), "yuzu_username"};
-    std::string yuzu_token;
+    BasicSetting<std::string> yuzu_token{std::string(), "yuzu_token"};
 
     // Add-Ons
     std::map<u64, std::vector<std::string>> disabled_addons;

src/core/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -517,6 +517,8 @@ add_library(core STATIC
     hle/service/psc/psc.h
     hle/service/ptm/psm.cpp
     hle/service/ptm/psm.h
+    hle/service/kernel_helpers.cpp
+    hle/service/kernel_helpers.h
     hle/service/service.cpp
     hle/service/service.h
     hle/service/set/set.cpp

src/core/core.cpp

@@ -263,9 +263,9 @@ struct System::Impl {
         if (Settings::values.gamecard_inserted) {
             if (Settings::values.gamecard_current_game) {
                 fs_controller.SetGameCard(GetGameFileFromPath(virtual_filesystem, filepath));
-            } else if (!Settings::values.gamecard_path.empty()) {
+            } else if (!Settings::values.gamecard_path.GetValue().empty()) {
-                fs_controller.SetGameCard(
+                fs_controller.SetGameCard(GetGameFileFromPath(
-                    GetGameFileFromPath(virtual_filesystem, Settings::values.gamecard_path));
+                    virtual_filesystem, static_cast<std::string>(Settings::values.gamecard_path)));
             }
         }
 

src/core/frontend/applets/profile_select.cpp

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ ProfileSelectApplet::~ProfileSelectApplet() = default;
 void DefaultProfileSelectApplet::SelectProfile(
     std::function<void(std::optional<Common::UUID>)> callback) const {
     Service::Account::ProfileManager manager;
-    callback(manager.GetUser(Settings::values.current_user).value_or(Common::UUID{}));
+    callback(manager.GetUser(Settings::values.current_user.GetValue()).value_or(Common::UUID{}));
     LOG_INFO(Service_ACC, "called, selecting current user instead of prompting...");
 }
 

src/core/hle/kernel/hle_ipc.cpp

@@ -58,6 +58,9 @@ bool SessionRequestManager::HasSessionRequestHandler(const HLERequestContext& co
 
 void SessionRequestHandler::ClientConnected(KServerSession* session) {
     session->ClientConnected(shared_from_this());
+
+    // Ensure our server session is tracked globally.
+    kernel.RegisterServerSession(session);
 }
 
 void SessionRequestHandler::ClientDisconnected(KServerSession* session) {

src/core/hle/kernel/k_auto_object.cpp

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.
 
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_auto_object.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/kernel.h"
 
 namespace Kernel {
 
@@ -11,4 +12,12 @@ KAutoObject* KAutoObject::Create(KAutoObject* obj) {
     return obj;
 }
 
+void KAutoObject::RegisterWithKernel() {
+    kernel.RegisterKernelObject(this);
+}
+
+void KAutoObject::UnregisterWithKernel() {
+    kernel.UnregisterKernelObject(this);
+}
+
 } // namespace Kernel

src/core/hle/kernel/k_auto_object.h

@@ -85,8 +85,12 @@ private:
     KERNEL_AUTOOBJECT_TRAITS(KAutoObject, KAutoObject);
 
 public:
-    explicit KAutoObject(KernelCore& kernel_) : kernel(kernel_) {}
+    explicit KAutoObject(KernelCore& kernel_) : kernel(kernel_) {
-    virtual ~KAutoObject() = default;
+        RegisterWithKernel();
+    }
+    virtual ~KAutoObject() {
+        UnregisterWithKernel();
+    }
 
     static KAutoObject* Create(KAutoObject* ptr);
 
@@ -166,6 +170,10 @@ public:
         }
     }
 
+private:
+    void RegisterWithKernel();
+    void UnregisterWithKernel();
+
 protected:
     KernelCore& kernel;
     std::string name;

src/core/hle/kernel/k_process.cpp

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include "common/alignment.h"
 #include "common/assert.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
+#include "common/scope_exit.h"
 #include "common/settings.h"
 #include "core/core.h"
 #include "core/device_memory.h"
@@ -43,6 +44,8 @@ void SetupMainThread(Core::System& system, KProcess& owner_process, u32 priority
     ASSERT(owner_process.GetResourceLimit()->Reserve(LimitableResource::Threads, 1));
 
     KThread* thread = KThread::Create(system.Kernel());
+    SCOPE_EXIT({ thread->Close(); });
+
     ASSERT(KThread::InitializeUserThread(system, thread, entry_point, 0, stack_top, priority,
                                          owner_process.GetIdealCoreId(), &owner_process)
                .IsSuccess());
@@ -162,7 +165,7 @@ void KProcess::DecrementThreadCount() {
     ASSERT(num_threads > 0);
 
     if (const auto count = --num_threads; count == 0) {
-        UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("Process termination is not implemented!");
+        LOG_WARNING(Kernel, "Process termination is not fully implemented.");
     }
 }
 
@@ -406,6 +409,9 @@ void KProcess::Finalize() {
         resource_limit->Close();
     }
 
+    // Finalize the handle table and close any open handles.
+    handle_table.Finalize();
+
     // Perform inherited finalization.
     KAutoObjectWithSlabHeapAndContainer<KProcess, KSynchronizationObject>::Finalize();
 }

src/core/hle/kernel/k_server_session.cpp

@@ -28,7 +28,10 @@ namespace Kernel {
 
 KServerSession::KServerSession(KernelCore& kernel_) : KSynchronizationObject{kernel_} {}
 
-KServerSession::~KServerSession() {}
+KServerSession::~KServerSession() {
+    // Ensure that the global list tracking server sessions does not hold on to a reference.
+    kernel.UnregisterServerSession(this);
+}
 
 void KServerSession::Initialize(KSession* parent_session_, std::string&& name_,
                                 std::shared_ptr<SessionRequestManager> manager_) {

src/core/hle/kernel/kernel.cpp

@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ struct KernelCore::Impl {
     void Initialize(KernelCore& kernel) {
         global_scheduler_context = std::make_unique<Kernel::GlobalSchedulerContext>(kernel);
         global_handle_table = std::make_unique<Kernel::KHandleTable>(kernel);
+        global_handle_table->Initialize(KHandleTable::MaxTableSize);
 
         is_phantom_mode_for_singlecore = false;
 
@@ -90,9 +91,39 @@ struct KernelCore::Impl {
     }
 
     void Shutdown() {
+        // Shutdown all processes.
+        if (current_process) {
+            current_process->Finalize();
+            current_process->Close();
+            current_process = nullptr;
+        }
         process_list.clear();
 
-        // Ensures all service threads gracefully shutdown
+        // Close all open server ports.
+        std::unordered_set<KServerPort*> server_ports_;
+        {
+            std::lock_guard lk(server_ports_lock);
+            server_ports_ = server_ports;
+            server_ports.clear();
+        }
+        for (auto* server_port : server_ports_) {
+            server_port->Close();
+        }
+        // Close all open server sessions.
+        std::unordered_set<KServerSession*> server_sessions_;
+        {
+            std::lock_guard lk(server_sessions_lock);
+            server_sessions_ = server_sessions;
+            server_sessions.clear();
+        }
+        for (auto* server_session : server_sessions_) {
+            server_session->Close();
+        }
+
+        // Ensure that the object list container is finalized and properly shutdown.
+        object_list_container.Finalize();
+
+        // Ensures all service threads gracefully shutdown.
         service_threads.clear();
 
         next_object_id = 0;
@@ -111,11 +142,7 @@ struct KernelCore::Impl {
 
         cores.clear();
 
-        if (current_process) {
+        global_handle_table->Finalize();
-            current_process->Close();
-            current_process = nullptr;
-        }
-
         global_handle_table.reset();
 
         preemption_event = nullptr;
@@ -142,6 +169,16 @@ struct KernelCore::Impl {
 
         // Next host thead ID to use, 0-3 IDs represent core threads, >3 represent others
         next_host_thread_id = Core::Hardware::NUM_CPU_CORES;
+
+        // Track kernel objects that were not freed on shutdown
+        {
+            std::lock_guard lk(registered_objects_lock);
+            if (registered_objects.size()) {
+                LOG_WARNING(Kernel, "{} kernel objects were dangling on shutdown!",
+                            registered_objects.size());
+                registered_objects.clear();
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     void InitializePhysicalCores() {
@@ -630,6 +667,21 @@ struct KernelCore::Impl {
             user_slab_heap_size);
     }
 
+    KClientPort* CreateNamedServicePort(std::string name) {
+        auto search = service_interface_factory.find(name);
+        if (search == service_interface_factory.end()) {
+            UNIMPLEMENTED();
+            return {};
+        }
+
+        KClientPort* port = &search->second(system.ServiceManager(), system);
+        {
+            std::lock_guard lk(server_ports_lock);
+            server_ports.insert(&port->GetParent()->GetServerPort());
+        }
+        return port;
+    }
+
     std::atomic<u32> next_object_id{0};
     std::atomic<u64> next_kernel_process_id{KProcess::InitialKIPIDMin};
     std::atomic<u64> next_user_process_id{KProcess::ProcessIDMin};
@@ -656,6 +708,12 @@ struct KernelCore::Impl {
     /// the ConnectToPort SVC.
     std::unordered_map<std::string, ServiceInterfaceFactory> service_interface_factory;
     NamedPortTable named_ports;
+    std::unordered_set<KServerPort*> server_ports;
+    std::unordered_set<KServerSession*> server_sessions;
+    std::unordered_set<KAutoObject*> registered_objects;
+    std::mutex server_ports_lock;
+    std::mutex server_sessions_lock;
+    std::mutex registered_objects_lock;
 
     std::unique_ptr<Core::ExclusiveMonitor> exclusive_monitor;
     std::vector<Kernel::PhysicalCore> cores;
@@ -844,12 +902,27 @@ void KernelCore::RegisterNamedService(std::string name, ServiceInterfaceFactory&
 }
 
 KClientPort* KernelCore::CreateNamedServicePort(std::string name) {
-    auto search = impl->service_interface_factory.find(name);
+    return impl->CreateNamedServicePort(std::move(name));
-    if (search == impl->service_interface_factory.end()) {
-        UNIMPLEMENTED();
-        return {};
 }
-    return &search->second(impl->system.ServiceManager(), impl->system);
+
+void KernelCore::RegisterServerSession(KServerSession* server_session) {
+    std::lock_guard lk(impl->server_sessions_lock);
+    impl->server_sessions.insert(server_session);
+}
+
+void KernelCore::UnregisterServerSession(KServerSession* server_session) {
+    std::lock_guard lk(impl->server_sessions_lock);
+    impl->server_sessions.erase(server_session);
+}
+
+void KernelCore::RegisterKernelObject(KAutoObject* object) {
+    std::lock_guard lk(impl->registered_objects_lock);
+    impl->registered_objects.insert(object);
+}
+
+void KernelCore::UnregisterKernelObject(KAutoObject* object) {
+    std::lock_guard lk(impl->registered_objects_lock);
+    impl->registered_objects.erase(object);
 }
 
 bool KernelCore::IsValidNamedPort(NamedPortTable::const_iterator port) const {

src/core/hle/kernel/kernel.h

@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ class KPort;
 class KProcess;
 class KResourceLimit;
 class KScheduler;
+class KServerSession;
 class KSession;
 class KSharedMemory;
 class KThread;
@@ -185,6 +186,22 @@ public:
     /// Opens a port to a service previously registered with RegisterNamedService.
     KClientPort* CreateNamedServicePort(std::string name);
 
+    /// Registers a server session with the gobal emulation state, to be freed on shutdown. This is
+    /// necessary because we do not emulate processes for HLE sessions.
+    void RegisterServerSession(KServerSession* server_session);
+
+    /// Unregisters a server session previously registered with RegisterServerSession when it was
+    /// destroyed during the current emulation session.
+    void UnregisterServerSession(KServerSession* server_session);
+
+    /// Registers all kernel objects with the global emulation state, this is purely for tracking
+    /// leaks after emulation has been shutdown.
+    void RegisterKernelObject(KAutoObject* object);
+
+    /// Unregisters a kernel object previously registered with RegisterKernelObject when it was
+    /// destroyed during the current emulation session.
+    void UnregisterKernelObject(KAutoObject* object);
+
     /// Determines whether or not the given port is a valid named port.
     bool IsValidNamedPort(NamedPortTable::const_iterator port) const;
 

src/core/hle/kernel/svc.cpp

@@ -298,6 +298,7 @@ static ResultCode ConnectToNamedPort(Core::System& system, Handle* out, VAddr po
     // Create a session.
     KClientSession* session{};
     R_TRY(port->CreateSession(std::addressof(session)));
+    port->Close();
 
     // Register the session in the table, close the extra reference.
     handle_table.Register(*out, session);

src/core/hle/service/acc/profile_manager.cpp

@@ -48,7 +48,8 @@ ProfileManager::ProfileManager() {
         CreateNewUser(UUID::Generate(), "yuzu");
     }
 
-    auto current = std::clamp<int>(Settings::values.current_user, 0, MAX_USERS - 1);
+    auto current =
+        std::clamp<int>(static_cast<s32>(Settings::values.current_user), 0, MAX_USERS - 1);
 
     // If user index don't exist. Load the first user and change the active user
     if (!UserExistsIndex(current)) {

src/core/hle/service/am/am.cpp

@@ -1443,7 +1443,7 @@ void IApplicationFunctions::PopLaunchParameter(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
         params.is_account_selected = 1;
 
         Account::ProfileManager profile_manager{};
-        const auto uuid = profile_manager.GetUser(Settings::values.current_user);
+        const auto uuid = profile_manager.GetUser(static_cast<s32>(Settings::values.current_user));
         ASSERT(uuid);
         params.current_user = uuid->uuid;
 

src/core/hle/service/bcat/module.cpp

@@ -579,7 +579,7 @@ void Module::Interface::CreateDeliveryCacheStorageServiceWithApplicationId(
 std::unique_ptr<Backend> CreateBackendFromSettings([[maybe_unused]] Core::System& system,
                                                    DirectoryGetter getter) {
 #ifdef YUZU_ENABLE_BOXCAT
-    if (Settings::values.bcat_backend == "boxcat") {
+    if (Settings::values.bcat_backend.GetValue() == "boxcat") {
         return std::make_unique<Boxcat>(system.GetAppletManager(), std::move(getter));
     }
 #endif

src/core/hle/service/hid/controllers/npad.cpp

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_writable_event.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/kernel.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/hid/controllers/npad.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/kernel_helpers.h"
 
 namespace Service::HID {
 constexpr s32 HID_JOYSTICK_MAX = 0x7fff;
@@ -147,7 +148,9 @@ bool Controller_NPad::IsDeviceHandleValid(const DeviceHandle& device_handle) {
            device_handle.device_index < DeviceIndex::MaxDeviceIndex;
 }
 
-Controller_NPad::Controller_NPad(Core::System& system_) : ControllerBase{system_} {
+Controller_NPad::Controller_NPad(Core::System& system_,
+                                 KernelHelpers::ServiceContext& service_context_)
+    : ControllerBase{system_}, service_context{service_context_} {
     latest_vibration_values.fill({DEFAULT_VIBRATION_VALUE, DEFAULT_VIBRATION_VALUE});
 }
 
@@ -253,8 +256,8 @@ void Controller_NPad::InitNewlyAddedController(std::size_t controller_idx) {
 void Controller_NPad::OnInit() {
     auto& kernel = system.Kernel();
     for (std::size_t i = 0; i < styleset_changed_events.size(); ++i) {
-        styleset_changed_events[i] = Kernel::KEvent::Create(kernel);
+        styleset_changed_events[i] =
-        styleset_changed_events[i]->Initialize(fmt::format("npad:NpadStyleSetChanged_{}", i));
+            service_context.CreateEvent(fmt::format("npad:NpadStyleSetChanged_{}", i));
     }
 
     if (!IsControllerActivated()) {
@@ -344,8 +347,7 @@ void Controller_NPad::OnRelease() {
     }
 
     for (std::size_t i = 0; i < styleset_changed_events.size(); ++i) {
-        styleset_changed_events[i]->Close();
+        service_context.CloseEvent(styleset_changed_events[i]);
-        styleset_changed_events[i] = nullptr;
     }
 }
 

src/core/hle/service/hid/controllers/npad.h

@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@ class KEvent;
 class KReadableEvent;
 } // namespace Kernel
 
+namespace Service::KernelHelpers {
+class ServiceContext;
+}
+
 namespace Service::HID {
 
 constexpr u32 NPAD_HANDHELD = 32;
@@ -27,7 +31,8 @@ constexpr u32 NPAD_UNKNOWN = 16; // TODO(ogniK): What is this?
 
 class Controller_NPad final : public ControllerBase {
 public:
-    explicit Controller_NPad(Core::System& system_);
+    explicit Controller_NPad(Core::System& system_,
+                             KernelHelpers::ServiceContext& service_context_);
     ~Controller_NPad() override;
 
     // Called when the controller is initialized
@@ -566,6 +571,7 @@ private:
         std::array<std::unique_ptr<Input::MotionDevice>, Settings::NativeMotion::NUM_MOTIONS_HID>,
         10>;
 
+    KernelHelpers::ServiceContext& service_context;
     std::mutex mutex;
     ButtonArray buttons;
     StickArray sticks;

src/core/hle/service/hid/hid.cpp

@@ -46,8 +46,9 @@ constexpr auto pad_update_ns = std::chrono::nanoseconds{1000 * 1000};         //
 constexpr auto motion_update_ns = std::chrono::nanoseconds{15 * 1000 * 1000}; // (15ms, 66.666Hz)
 constexpr std::size_t SHARED_MEMORY_SIZE = 0x40000;
 
-IAppletResource::IAppletResource(Core::System& system_)
+IAppletResource::IAppletResource(Core::System& system_,
-    : ServiceFramework{system_, "IAppletResource"} {
+                                 KernelHelpers::ServiceContext& service_context_)
+    : ServiceFramework{system_, "IAppletResource"}, service_context{service_context_} {
     static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
         {0, &IAppletResource::GetSharedMemoryHandle, "GetSharedMemoryHandle"},
     };
@@ -63,7 +64,7 @@ IAppletResource::IAppletResource(Core::System& system_)
     MakeController<Controller_Stubbed>(HidController::CaptureButton);
     MakeController<Controller_Stubbed>(HidController::InputDetector);
     MakeController<Controller_Stubbed>(HidController::UniquePad);
-    MakeController<Controller_NPad>(HidController::NPad);
+    MakeControllerWithServiceContext<Controller_NPad>(HidController::NPad);
     MakeController<Controller_Gesture>(HidController::Gesture);
     MakeController<Controller_ConsoleSixAxis>(HidController::ConsoleSixAxisSensor);
 
@@ -191,13 +192,14 @@ private:
 
 std::shared_ptr<IAppletResource> Hid::GetAppletResource() {
     if (applet_resource == nullptr) {
-        applet_resource = std::make_shared<IAppletResource>(system);
+        applet_resource = std::make_shared<IAppletResource>(system, service_context);
     }
 
     return applet_resource;
 }
 
-Hid::Hid(Core::System& system_) : ServiceFramework{system_, "hid"} {
+Hid::Hid(Core::System& system_)
+    : ServiceFramework{system_, "hid"}, service_context{system_, service_name} {
     // clang-format off
     static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
         {0, &Hid::CreateAppletResource, "CreateAppletResource"},
@@ -347,7 +349,7 @@ void Hid::CreateAppletResource(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_HID, "called, applet_resource_user_id={}", applet_resource_user_id);
 
     if (applet_resource == nullptr) {
-        applet_resource = std::make_shared<IAppletResource>(system);
+        applet_resource = std::make_shared<IAppletResource>(system, service_context);
     }
 
     IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2, 0, 1};

src/core/hle/service/hid/hid.h

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <chrono>
 
 #include "core/hle/service/hid/controllers/controller_base.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/kernel_helpers.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/service.h"
 
 namespace Core::Timing {
@@ -39,7 +40,8 @@ enum class HidController : std::size_t {
 
 class IAppletResource final : public ServiceFramework<IAppletResource> {
 public:
-    explicit IAppletResource(Core::System& system_);
+    explicit IAppletResource(Core::System& system_,
+                             KernelHelpers::ServiceContext& service_context_);
     ~IAppletResource() override;
 
     void ActivateController(HidController controller);
@@ -60,11 +62,18 @@ private:
     void MakeController(HidController controller) {
         controllers[static_cast<std::size_t>(controller)] = std::make_unique<T>(system);
     }
+    template <typename T>
+    void MakeControllerWithServiceContext(HidController controller) {
+        controllers[static_cast<std::size_t>(controller)] =
+            std::make_unique<T>(system, service_context);
+    }
 
     void GetSharedMemoryHandle(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
     void UpdateControllers(std::uintptr_t user_data, std::chrono::nanoseconds ns_late);
     void UpdateMotion(std::uintptr_t user_data, std::chrono::nanoseconds ns_late);
 
+    KernelHelpers::ServiceContext& service_context;
+
     std::shared_ptr<Core::Timing::EventType> pad_update_event;
     std::shared_ptr<Core::Timing::EventType> motion_update_event;
 
@@ -176,6 +185,8 @@ private:
     static_assert(sizeof(VibrationDeviceInfo) == 0x8, "VibrationDeviceInfo has incorrect size.");
 
     std::shared_ptr<IAppletResource> applet_resource;
+
+    KernelHelpers::ServiceContext service_context;
 };
 
 /// Reload input devices. Used when input configuration changed

src/core/hle/service/kernel_helpers.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+// Copyright 2021 yuzu emulator team
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "core/core.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_event.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_process.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_readable_event.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_resource_limit.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_scoped_resource_reservation.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/k_writable_event.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/kernel_helpers.h"
+
+namespace Service::KernelHelpers {
+
+ServiceContext::ServiceContext(Core::System& system_, std::string name_)
+    : kernel(system_.Kernel()) {
+    process = Kernel::KProcess::Create(kernel);
+    ASSERT(Kernel::KProcess::Initialize(process, system_, std::move(name_),
+                                        Kernel::KProcess::ProcessType::Userland)
+               .IsSuccess());
+}
+
+ServiceContext::~ServiceContext() {
+    process->Close();
+    process = nullptr;
+}
+
+Kernel::KEvent* ServiceContext::CreateEvent(std::string&& name) {
+    // Reserve a new event from the process resource limit
+    Kernel::KScopedResourceReservation event_reservation(process,
+                                                         Kernel::LimitableResource::Events);
+    if (!event_reservation.Succeeded()) {
+        LOG_CRITICAL(Service, "Resource limit reached!");
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    // Create a new event.
+    auto* event = Kernel::KEvent::Create(kernel);
+    if (!event) {
+        LOG_CRITICAL(Service, "Unable to create event!");
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    // Initialize the event.
+    event->Initialize(std::move(name));
+
+    // Commit the thread reservation.
+    event_reservation.Commit();
+
+    // Register the event.
+    Kernel::KEvent::Register(kernel, event);
+
+    return event;
+}
+
+void ServiceContext::CloseEvent(Kernel::KEvent* event) {
+    event->GetReadableEvent().Close();
+    event->GetWritableEvent().Close();
+}
+
+} // namespace Service::KernelHelpers

src/core/hle/service/kernel_helpers.h

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+// Copyright 2021 yuzu emulator team
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace Core {
+class System;
+}
+
+namespace Kernel {
+class KernelCore;
+class KEvent;
+class KProcess;
+} // namespace Kernel
+
+namespace Service::KernelHelpers {
+
+class ServiceContext {
+public:
+    ServiceContext(Core::System& system_, std::string name_);
+    ~ServiceContext();
+
+    Kernel::KEvent* CreateEvent(std::string&& name);
+
+    void CloseEvent(Kernel::KEvent* event);
+
+private:
+    Kernel::KernelCore& kernel;
+    Kernel::KProcess* process{};
+};
+
+} // namespace Service::KernelHelpers

src/core/hle/service/nifm/nifm.cpp

@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ private:
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 3};
         rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
 
-        if (Settings::values.bcat_backend == "none") {
+        if (Settings::values.bcat_backend.GetValue() == "none") {
             rb.PushEnum(RequestState::NotSubmitted);
         } else {
             rb.PushEnum(RequestState::Connected);
@@ -384,7 +384,7 @@ private:
 
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 3};
         rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
-        if (Settings::values.bcat_backend == "none") {
+        if (Settings::values.bcat_backend.GetValue() == "none") {
             rb.Push<u8>(0);
         } else {
             rb.Push<u8>(1);
@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ private:
 
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 3};
         rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
-        if (Settings::values.bcat_backend == "none") {
+        if (Settings::values.bcat_backend.GetValue() == "none") {
             rb.Push<u8>(0);
         } else {
             rb.Push<u8>(1);

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/nvdrv.cpp

@@ -39,11 +39,12 @@ void InstallInterfaces(SM::ServiceManager& service_manager, NVFlinger::NVFlinger
     nvflinger.SetNVDrvInstance(module_);
 }
 
-Module::Module(Core::System& system) : syncpoint_manager{system.GPU()} {
+Module::Module(Core::System& system)
+    : syncpoint_manager{system.GPU()}, service_context{system, "nvdrv"} {
     auto& kernel = system.Kernel();
     for (u32 i = 0; i < MaxNvEvents; i++) {
-        events_interface.events[i].event = Kernel::KEvent::Create(kernel);
+        events_interface.events[i].event =
-        events_interface.events[i].event->Initialize(fmt::format("NVDRV::NvEvent_{}", i));
+            service_context.CreateEvent(fmt::format("NVDRV::NvEvent_{}", i));
         events_interface.status[i] = EventState::Free;
         events_interface.registered[i] = false;
     }
@@ -65,8 +66,7 @@ Module::Module(Core::System& system) : syncpoint_manager{system.GPU()} {
 
 Module::~Module() {
     for (u32 i = 0; i < MaxNvEvents; i++) {
-        events_interface.events[i].event->Close();
+        service_context.CloseEvent(events_interface.events[i].event);
-        events_interface.events[i].event = nullptr;
     }
 }
 

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/nvdrv.h

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/kernel_helpers.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/nvdata.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/syncpoint_manager.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/service.h"
@@ -154,6 +155,8 @@ private:
     std::unordered_map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Devices::nvdevice>> devices;
 
     EventInterface events_interface;
+
+    KernelHelpers::ServiceContext service_context;
 };
 
 /// Registers all NVDRV services with the specified service manager.

src/core/hle/service/service.cpp

@@ -104,23 +104,22 @@ ServiceFrameworkBase::~ServiceFrameworkBase() {
 void ServiceFrameworkBase::InstallAsService(SM::ServiceManager& service_manager) {
     const auto guard = LockService();
 
-    ASSERT(!port_installed);
+    ASSERT(!service_registered);
 
-    auto port = service_manager.RegisterService(service_name, max_sessions).Unwrap();
+    service_manager.RegisterService(service_name, max_sessions, shared_from_this());
-    port->SetSessionHandler(shared_from_this());
+    service_registered = true;
-    port_installed = true;
 }
 
 Kernel::KClientPort& ServiceFrameworkBase::CreatePort() {
     const auto guard = LockService();
 
-    ASSERT(!port_installed);
+    ASSERT(!service_registered);
 
     auto* port = Kernel::KPort::Create(kernel);
     port->Initialize(max_sessions, false, service_name);
     port->GetServerPort().SetSessionHandler(shared_from_this());
 
-    port_installed = true;
+    service_registered = true;
 
     return port->GetClientPort();
 }

src/core/hle/service/service.h

@@ -96,6 +96,9 @@ protected:
     /// System context that the service operates under.
     Core::System& system;
 
+    /// Identifier string used to connect to the service.
+    std::string service_name;
+
 private:
     template <typename T>
     friend class ServiceFramework;
@@ -117,14 +120,12 @@ private:
     void RegisterHandlersBaseTipc(const FunctionInfoBase* functions, std::size_t n);
     void ReportUnimplementedFunction(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx, const FunctionInfoBase* info);
 
-    /// Identifier string used to connect to the service.
-    std::string service_name;
     /// Maximum number of concurrent sessions that this service can handle.
     u32 max_sessions;
 
     /// Flag to store if a port was already create/installed to detect multiple install attempts,
     /// which is not supported.
-    bool port_installed = false;
+    bool service_registered = false;
 
     /// Function used to safely up-cast pointers to the derived class before invoking a handler.
     InvokerFn* handler_invoker;

src/core/hle/service/set/set.cpp

@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ void SET::GetQuestFlag(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
 
     IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 3};
     rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
-    rb.Push(static_cast<u32>(Settings::values.quest_flag));
+    rb.Push(static_cast<u32>(Settings::values.quest_flag.GetValue()));
 }
 
 void SET::GetLanguageCode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {

src/core/hle/service/sm/sm.cpp

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 #include <tuple>
 #include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/scope_exit.h"
 #include "core/core.h"
 #include "core/hle/ipc_helpers.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_client_port.h"
@@ -40,17 +41,13 @@ static ResultCode ValidateServiceName(const std::string& name) {
 }
 
 Kernel::KClientPort& ServiceManager::InterfaceFactory(ServiceManager& self, Core::System& system) {
-    ASSERT(self.sm_interface.expired());
+    self.sm_interface = std::make_shared<SM>(self, system);
-
-    auto sm = std::make_shared<SM>(self, system);
-    self.sm_interface = sm;
     self.controller_interface = std::make_unique<Controller>(system);
-
+    return self.sm_interface->CreatePort();
-    return sm->CreatePort();
 }
 
-ResultVal<Kernel::KServerPort*> ServiceManager::RegisterService(std::string name,
+ResultCode ServiceManager::RegisterService(std::string name, u32 max_sessions,
-                                                                u32 max_sessions) {
+                                           Kernel::SessionRequestHandlerPtr handler) {
 
     CASCADE_CODE(ValidateServiceName(name));
 
@@ -59,12 +56,9 @@ ResultVal<Kernel::KServerPort*> ServiceManager::RegisterService(std::string name
         return ERR_ALREADY_REGISTERED;
     }
 
-    auto* port = Kernel::KPort::Create(kernel);
+    registered_services.emplace(std::move(name), handler);
-    port->Initialize(max_sessions, false, name);
 
-    registered_services.emplace(std::move(name), port);
+    return ResultSuccess;
-
-    return MakeResult(&port->GetServerPort());
 }
 
 ResultCode ServiceManager::UnregisterService(const std::string& name) {
@@ -76,14 +70,11 @@ ResultCode ServiceManager::UnregisterService(const std::string& name) {
         return ERR_SERVICE_NOT_REGISTERED;
     }
 
-    iter->second->Close();
-
     registered_services.erase(iter);
     return ResultSuccess;
 }
 
 ResultVal<Kernel::KPort*> ServiceManager::GetServicePort(const std::string& name) {
-
     CASCADE_CODE(ValidateServiceName(name));
     auto it = registered_services.find(name);
     if (it == registered_services.end()) {
@@ -91,10 +82,13 @@ ResultVal<Kernel::KPort*> ServiceManager::GetServicePort(const std::string& name
         return ERR_SERVICE_NOT_REGISTERED;
     }
 
-    return MakeResult(it->second);
+    auto* port = Kernel::KPort::Create(kernel);
-}
+    port->Initialize(ServerSessionCountMax, false, name);
+    auto handler = it->second;
+    port->GetServerPort().SetSessionHandler(std::move(handler));
 
-SM::~SM() = default;
+    return MakeResult(port);
+}
 
 /**
  * SM::Initialize service function
@@ -156,11 +150,15 @@ ResultVal<Kernel::KClientSession*> SM::GetServiceImpl(Kernel::HLERequestContext&
         LOG_ERROR(Service_SM, "called service={} -> error 0x{:08X}", name, port_result.Code().raw);
         return port_result.Code();
     }
-    auto& port = port_result.Unwrap()->GetClientPort();
+    auto& port = port_result.Unwrap();
+    SCOPE_EXIT({ port->GetClientPort().Close(); });
+
+    server_ports.emplace_back(&port->GetServerPort());
 
     // Create a new session.
     Kernel::KClientSession* session{};
-    if (const auto result = port.CreateSession(std::addressof(session)); result.IsError()) {
+    if (const auto result = port->GetClientPort().CreateSession(std::addressof(session));
+        result.IsError()) {
         LOG_ERROR(Service_SM, "called service={} -> error 0x{:08X}", name, result.raw);
         return result;
     }
@@ -180,20 +178,21 @@ void SM::RegisterService(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_SM, "called with name={}, max_session_count={}, is_light={}", name,
               max_session_count, is_light);
 
-    auto handle = service_manager.RegisterService(name, max_session_count);
+    if (const auto result = service_manager.RegisterService(name, max_session_count, nullptr);
-    if (handle.Failed()) {
+        result.IsError()) {
-        LOG_ERROR(Service_SM, "failed to register service with error_code={:08X}",
+        LOG_ERROR(Service_SM, "failed to register service with error_code={:08X}", result.raw);
-                  handle.Code().raw);
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-        rb.Push(handle.Code());
+        rb.Push(result);
         return;
     }
 
-    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2, 0, 1, IPC::ResponseBuilder::Flags::AlwaysMoveHandles};
+    auto* port = Kernel::KPort::Create(kernel);
-    rb.Push(handle.Code());
+    port->Initialize(ServerSessionCountMax, is_light, name);
+    SCOPE_EXIT({ port->GetClientPort().Close(); });
 
-    auto server_port = handle.Unwrap();
+    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2, 0, 1, IPC::ResponseBuilder::Flags::AlwaysMoveHandles};
-    rb.PushMoveObjects(server_port);
+    rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
+    rb.PushMoveObjects(port->GetServerPort());
 }
 
 void SM::UnregisterService(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
@@ -225,4 +224,10 @@ SM::SM(ServiceManager& service_manager_, Core::System& system_)
     });
 }
 
+SM::~SM() {
+    for (auto& server_port : server_ports) {
+        server_port->Close();
+    }
+}
+
 } // namespace Service::SM

src/core/hle/service/sm/sm.h

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ private:
     ServiceManager& service_manager;
     bool is_initialized{};
     Kernel::KernelCore& kernel;
+    std::vector<Kernel::KServerPort*> server_ports;
 };
 
 class ServiceManager {
@@ -58,7 +59,8 @@ public:
     explicit ServiceManager(Kernel::KernelCore& kernel_);
     ~ServiceManager();
 
-    ResultVal<Kernel::KServerPort*> RegisterService(std::string name, u32 max_sessions);
+    ResultCode RegisterService(std::string name, u32 max_sessions,
+                               Kernel::SessionRequestHandlerPtr handler);
     ResultCode UnregisterService(const std::string& name);
     ResultVal<Kernel::KPort*> GetServicePort(const std::string& name);
 
@@ -69,21 +71,17 @@ public:
             LOG_DEBUG(Service, "Can't find service: {}", service_name);
             return nullptr;
         }
-        auto* port = service->second;
+        return std::static_pointer_cast<T>(service->second);
-        if (port == nullptr) {
-            return nullptr;
-        }
-        return std::static_pointer_cast<T>(port->GetServerPort().GetSessionRequestHandler());
     }
 
     void InvokeControlRequest(Kernel::HLERequestContext& context);
 
 private:
-    std::weak_ptr<SM> sm_interface;
+    std::shared_ptr<SM> sm_interface;
     std::unique_ptr<Controller> controller_interface;
 
     /// Map of registered services, retrieved using GetServicePort.
-    std::unordered_map<std::string, Kernel::KPort*> registered_services;
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, Kernel::SessionRequestHandlerPtr> registered_services;
 
     /// Kernel context
     Kernel::KernelCore& kernel;

src/core/loader/nro.cpp

@@ -155,8 +155,8 @@ static bool LoadNroImpl(Kernel::KProcess& process, const std::vector<u8>& data)
         codeset.segments[i].size = PageAlignSize(nro_header.segments[i].size);
     }
 
-    if (!Settings::values.program_args.empty()) {
+    if (!Settings::values.program_args.GetValue().empty()) {
-        const auto arg_data = Settings::values.program_args;
+        const auto arg_data = Settings::values.program_args.GetValue();
         codeset.DataSegment().size += NSO_ARGUMENT_DATA_ALLOCATION_SIZE;
         NSOArgumentHeader args_header{
             NSO_ARGUMENT_DATA_ALLOCATION_SIZE, static_cast<u32_le>(arg_data.size()), {}};

src/core/loader/nso.cpp

@@ -104,8 +104,8 @@ std::optional<VAddr> AppLoader_NSO::LoadModule(Kernel::KProcess& process, Core::
         codeset.segments[i].size = nso_header.segments[i].size;
     }
 
-    if (should_pass_arguments && !Settings::values.program_args.empty()) {
+    if (should_pass_arguments && !Settings::values.program_args.GetValue().empty()) {
-        const auto arg_data{Settings::values.program_args};
+        const auto arg_data{Settings::values.program_args.GetValue()};
 
         codeset.DataSegment().size += NSO_ARGUMENT_DATA_ALLOCATION_SIZE;
         NSOArgumentHeader args_header{

src/core/reporter.cpp

@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ void Reporter::ClearFSAccessLog() const {
 }
 
 bool Reporter::IsReportingEnabled() const {
-    return Settings::values.reporting_services;
+    return Settings::values.reporting_services.GetValue();
 }
 
 } // namespace Core

src/core/telemetry_session.cpp

@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ u64 RegenerateTelemetryId() {
 
 bool VerifyLogin(const std::string& username, const std::string& token) {
 #ifdef ENABLE_WEB_SERVICE
-    return WebService::VerifyLogin(Settings::values.web_api_url, username, token);
+    return WebService::VerifyLogin(Settings::values.web_api_url.GetValue(), username, token);
 #else
     return false;
 #endif
@@ -152,7 +152,8 @@ TelemetrySession::~TelemetrySession() {
 
 #ifdef ENABLE_WEB_SERVICE
     auto backend = std::make_unique<WebService::TelemetryJson>(
-        Settings::values.web_api_url, Settings::values.yuzu_username, Settings::values.yuzu_token);
+        Settings::values.web_api_url.GetValue(), Settings::values.yuzu_username.GetValue(),
+        Settings::values.yuzu_token.GetValue());
 #else
     auto backend = std::make_unique<Telemetry::NullVisitor>();
 #endif
@@ -212,7 +213,7 @@ void TelemetrySession::AddInitialInfo(Loader::AppLoader& app_loader,
 
     // Log user configuration information
     constexpr auto field_type = Telemetry::FieldType::UserConfig;
-    AddField(field_type, "Audio_SinkId", Settings::values.sink_id);
+    AddField(field_type, "Audio_SinkId", Settings::values.sink_id.GetValue());
     AddField(field_type, "Audio_EnableAudioStretching",
              Settings::values.enable_audio_stretching.GetValue());
     AddField(field_type, "Core_UseMultiCore", Settings::values.use_multi_core.GetValue());
@@ -242,7 +243,8 @@ void TelemetrySession::AddInitialInfo(Loader::AppLoader& app_loader,
 bool TelemetrySession::SubmitTestcase() {
 #ifdef ENABLE_WEB_SERVICE
     auto backend = std::make_unique<WebService::TelemetryJson>(
-        Settings::values.web_api_url, Settings::values.yuzu_username, Settings::values.yuzu_token);
+        Settings::values.web_api_url.GetValue(), Settings::values.yuzu_username.GetValue(),
+        Settings::values.yuzu_token.GetValue());
     field_collection.Accept(*backend);
     return backend->SubmitTestcase();
 #else

src/input_common/mouse/mouse_poller.cpp

@@ -84,7 +84,8 @@ public:
         std::lock_guard lock{mutex};
         const auto axis_value =
             static_cast<float>(mouse_input->GetMouseState(button).axis.at(axis));
-        return axis_value * Settings::values.mouse_panning_sensitivity / (100.0f * range);
+        return axis_value * Settings::values.mouse_panning_sensitivity.GetValue() /
+               (100.0f * range);
     }
 
     std::pair<float, float> GetAnalog(u32 analog_axis_x, u32 analog_axis_y) const {

src/input_common/touch_from_button.cpp

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ class TouchFromButtonDevice final : public Input::TouchDevice {
 public:
     TouchFromButtonDevice() {
         const auto button_index =
-            static_cast<std::size_t>(Settings::values.touch_from_button_map_index);
+            static_cast<u64>(Settings::values.touch_from_button_map_index.GetValue());
         const auto& buttons = Settings::values.touch_from_button_maps[button_index].buttons;
 
         for (const auto& config_entry : buttons) {

src/input_common/udp/client.cpp

@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ bool Client::DeviceConnected(std::size_t pad) const {
 void Client::ReloadSockets() {
     Reset();
 
-    std::stringstream servers_ss(Settings::values.udp_input_servers);
+    std::stringstream servers_ss(static_cast<std::string>(Settings::values.udp_input_servers));
     std::string server_token;
     std::size_t client = 0;
     while (std::getline(servers_ss, server_token, ',')) {
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ std::optional<std::size_t> Client::GetUnusedFingerID() const {
 
 void Client::UpdateTouchInput(Response::TouchPad& touch_pad, std::size_t client, std::size_t id) {
     // TODO: Use custom calibration per device
-    const Common::ParamPackage touch_param(Settings::values.touch_device);
+    const Common::ParamPackage touch_param(Settings::values.touch_device.GetValue());
     const u16 min_x = static_cast<u16>(touch_param.Get("min_x", 100));
     const u16 min_y = static_cast<u16>(touch_param.Get("min_y", 50));
     const u16 max_x = static_cast<u16>(touch_param.Get("max_x", 1800));

src/video_core/cdma_pusher.cpp

@@ -103,8 +103,7 @@ void CDmaPusher::ExecuteCommand(u32 state_offset, u32 data) {
         case ThiMethod::SetMethod1:
             LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "NVDEC method 0x{:X}",
                       static_cast<u32>(nvdec_thi_state.method_0));
-            nvdec_processor->ProcessMethod(static_cast<Nvdec::Method>(nvdec_thi_state.method_0),
+            nvdec_processor->ProcessMethod(nvdec_thi_state.method_0, data);
-                                           data);
             break;
         default:
             break;

src/video_core/command_classes/codecs/codec.cpp

@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ void AVFrameDeleter(AVFrame* ptr) {
     av_free(ptr);
 }
 
-Codec::Codec(GPU& gpu_)
+Codec::Codec(GPU& gpu_, const NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters& regs)
-    : gpu(gpu_), h264_decoder(std::make_unique<Decoder::H264>(gpu)),
+    : gpu(gpu_), state{regs}, h264_decoder(std::make_unique<Decoder::H264>(gpu)),
       vp9_decoder(std::make_unique<Decoder::VP9>(gpu)) {}
 
 Codec::~Codec() {
@@ -43,30 +43,19 @@ Codec::~Codec() {
     avcodec_close(av_codec_ctx);
 }
 
-void Codec::SetTargetCodec(NvdecCommon::VideoCodec codec) {
+void Codec::Initialize() {
-    if (current_codec != codec) {
+    AVCodecID codec{AV_CODEC_ID_NONE};
-        LOG_INFO(Service_NVDRV, "NVDEC video codec initialized to {}", static_cast<u32>(codec));
+    switch (current_codec) {
-        current_codec = codec;
+    case NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::H264:
-    }
+        codec = AV_CODEC_ID_H264;
-}
+        break;
-
+    case NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::Vp9:
-void Codec::StateWrite(u32 offset, u64 arguments) {
+        codec = AV_CODEC_ID_VP9;
-    u8* const state_offset = reinterpret_cast<u8*>(&state) + offset * sizeof(u64);
+        break;
-    std::memcpy(state_offset, &arguments, sizeof(u64));
+    default:
-}
-
-void Codec::Decode() {
-    bool is_first_frame = false;
-    if (!initialized) {
-        if (current_codec == NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::H264) {
-            av_codec = avcodec_find_decoder(AV_CODEC_ID_H264);
-        } else if (current_codec == NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::Vp9) {
-            av_codec = avcodec_find_decoder(AV_CODEC_ID_VP9);
-        } else {
-            LOG_ERROR(Service_NVDRV, "Unknown video codec {}", current_codec);
         return;
     }
-
+    av_codec = avcodec_find_decoder(codec);
     av_codec_ctx = avcodec_alloc_context3(av_codec);
     av_opt_set(av_codec_ctx->priv_data, "tune", "zerolatency", 0);
 
@@ -79,10 +68,23 @@ void Codec::Decode() {
         return;
     }
     initialized = true;
-        is_first_frame = true;
+    return;
 }
-    bool vp9_hidden_frame = false;
 
+void Codec::SetTargetCodec(NvdecCommon::VideoCodec codec) {
+    if (current_codec != codec) {
+        current_codec = codec;
+        LOG_INFO(Service_NVDRV, "NVDEC video codec initialized to {}", GetCurrentCodecName());
+    }
+}
+
+void Codec::Decode() {
+    const bool is_first_frame = !initialized;
+    if (!initialized) {
+        Initialize();
+    }
+
+    bool vp9_hidden_frame = false;
     AVPacket packet{};
     av_init_packet(&packet);
     std::vector<u8> frame_data;
@@ -95,7 +97,7 @@ void Codec::Decode() {
     }
 
     packet.data = frame_data.data();
-    packet.size = static_cast<int>(frame_data.size());
+    packet.size = static_cast<s32>(frame_data.size());
 
     avcodec_send_packet(av_codec_ctx, &packet);
 
@@ -127,4 +129,21 @@ NvdecCommon::VideoCodec Codec::GetCurrentCodec() const {
     return current_codec;
 }
 
+std::string_view Codec::GetCurrentCodecName() const {
+    switch (current_codec) {
+    case NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::None:
+        return "None";
+    case NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::H264:
+        return "H264";
+    case NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::Vp8:
+        return "VP8";
+    case NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::H265:
+        return "H265";
+    case NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::Vp9:
+        return "VP9";
+    default:
+        return "Unknown";
+    }
+};
+
 } // namespace Tegra

src/video_core/command_classes/codecs/codec.h

@@ -42,15 +42,15 @@ class VP9;
 
 class Codec {
 public:
-    explicit Codec(GPU& gpu);
+    explicit Codec(GPU& gpu, const NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters& regs);
     ~Codec();
 
+    /// Initialize the codec, returning success or failure
+    void Initialize();
+
     /// Sets NVDEC video stream codec
     void SetTargetCodec(NvdecCommon::VideoCodec codec);
 
-    /// Populate NvdecRegisters state with argument value at the provided offset
-    void StateWrite(u32 offset, u64 arguments);
-
     /// Call decoders to construct headers, decode AVFrame with ffmpeg
     void Decode();
 
@@ -59,6 +59,8 @@ public:
 
     /// Returns the value of current_codec
     [[nodiscard]] NvdecCommon::VideoCodec GetCurrentCodec() const;
+    /// Return name of the current codec
+    [[nodiscard]] std::string_view GetCurrentCodecName() const;
 
 private:
     bool initialized{};
@@ -68,10 +70,10 @@ private:
     AVCodecContext* av_codec_ctx{nullptr};
 
     GPU& gpu;
+    const NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters& state;
     std::unique_ptr<Decoder::H264> h264_decoder;
     std::unique_ptr<Decoder::VP9> vp9_decoder;
 
-    NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters state{};
     std::queue<AVFramePtr> av_frames{};
 };
 

src/video_core/command_classes/codecs/h264.cpp

@@ -45,16 +45,17 @@ H264::~H264() = default;
 
 const std::vector<u8>& H264::ComposeFrameHeader(const NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters& state,
                                                 bool is_first_frame) {
-    H264DecoderContext context{};
+    H264DecoderContext context;
     gpu.MemoryManager().ReadBlock(state.picture_info_offset, &context, sizeof(H264DecoderContext));
 
-    const s32 frame_number = static_cast<s32>((context.h264_parameter_set.flags >> 46) & 0x1ffff);
+    const s64 frame_number = context.h264_parameter_set.frame_number.Value();
     if (!is_first_frame && frame_number != 0) {
-        frame.resize(context.frame_data_size);
+        frame.resize(context.stream_len);
-
         gpu.MemoryManager().ReadBlock(state.frame_bitstream_offset, frame.data(), frame.size());
-    } else {
+        return frame;
-        /// Encode header
+    }
+
+    // Encode header
     H264BitWriter writer{};
     writer.WriteU(1, 24);
     writer.WriteU(0, 1);
@@ -64,8 +65,8 @@ const std::vector<u8>& H264::ComposeFrameHeader(const NvdecCommon::NvdecRegister
     writer.WriteU(0, 8);
     writer.WriteU(31, 8);
     writer.WriteUe(0);
-        const auto chroma_format_idc =
+    const u32 chroma_format_idc =
-            static_cast<u32>((context.h264_parameter_set.flags >> 12) & 3);
+        static_cast<u32>(context.h264_parameter_set.chroma_format_idc.Value());
     writer.WriteUe(chroma_format_idc);
     if (chroma_format_idc == 3) {
         writer.WriteBit(false);
@@ -76,11 +77,13 @@ const std::vector<u8>& H264::ComposeFrameHeader(const NvdecCommon::NvdecRegister
     writer.WriteBit(false); // QpprimeYZeroTransformBypassFlag
     writer.WriteBit(false); // Scaling matrix present flag
 
-        const auto order_cnt_type = static_cast<u32>((context.h264_parameter_set.flags >> 14) & 3);
+    writer.WriteUe(static_cast<u32>(context.h264_parameter_set.log2_max_frame_num_minus4.Value()));
-        writer.WriteUe(static_cast<u32>((context.h264_parameter_set.flags >> 8) & 0xf));
+
+    const auto order_cnt_type =
+        static_cast<u32>(context.h264_parameter_set.pic_order_cnt_type.Value());
     writer.WriteUe(order_cnt_type);
     if (order_cnt_type == 0) {
-            writer.WriteUe(context.h264_parameter_set.log2_max_pic_order_cnt);
+        writer.WriteUe(context.h264_parameter_set.log2_max_pic_order_cnt_lsb_minus4);
     } else if (order_cnt_type == 1) {
         writer.WriteBit(context.h264_parameter_set.delta_pic_order_always_zero_flag != 0);
 
@@ -89,7 +92,7 @@ const std::vector<u8>& H264::ComposeFrameHeader(const NvdecCommon::NvdecRegister
         writer.WriteUe(0);
     }
 
-        const s32 pic_height = context.h264_parameter_set.pic_height_in_map_units /
+    const s32 pic_height = context.h264_parameter_set.frame_height_in_map_units /
                            (context.h264_parameter_set.frame_mbs_only_flag ? 1 : 2);
 
     writer.WriteUe(16);
@@ -99,10 +102,10 @@ const std::vector<u8>& H264::ComposeFrameHeader(const NvdecCommon::NvdecRegister
     writer.WriteBit(context.h264_parameter_set.frame_mbs_only_flag != 0);
 
     if (!context.h264_parameter_set.frame_mbs_only_flag) {
-            writer.WriteBit(((context.h264_parameter_set.flags >> 0) & 1) != 0);
+        writer.WriteBit(context.h264_parameter_set.flags.mbaff_frame.Value() != 0);
     }
 
-        writer.WriteBit(((context.h264_parameter_set.flags >> 1) & 1) != 0);
+    writer.WriteBit(context.h264_parameter_set.flags.direct_8x8_inference.Value() != 0);
     writer.WriteBit(false); // Frame cropping flag
     writer.WriteBit(false); // VUI parameter present flag
 
@@ -122,57 +125,49 @@ const std::vector<u8>& H264::ComposeFrameHeader(const NvdecCommon::NvdecRegister
     writer.WriteUe(0);
     writer.WriteUe(context.h264_parameter_set.num_refidx_l0_default_active);
     writer.WriteUe(context.h264_parameter_set.num_refidx_l1_default_active);
-        writer.WriteBit(((context.h264_parameter_set.flags >> 2) & 1) != 0);
+    writer.WriteBit(context.h264_parameter_set.flags.weighted_pred.Value() != 0);
-        writer.WriteU(static_cast<s32>((context.h264_parameter_set.flags >> 32) & 0x3), 2);
+    writer.WriteU(static_cast<s32>(context.h264_parameter_set.weighted_bipred_idc.Value()), 2);
-        s32 pic_init_qp = static_cast<s32>((context.h264_parameter_set.flags >> 16) & 0x3f);
+    s32 pic_init_qp = static_cast<s32>(context.h264_parameter_set.pic_init_qp_minus26.Value());
-        pic_init_qp = (pic_init_qp << 26) >> 26;
     writer.WriteSe(pic_init_qp);
     writer.WriteSe(0);
     s32 chroma_qp_index_offset =
-            static_cast<s32>((context.h264_parameter_set.flags >> 22) & 0x1f);
+        static_cast<s32>(context.h264_parameter_set.chroma_qp_index_offset.Value());
-        chroma_qp_index_offset = (chroma_qp_index_offset << 27) >> 27;
 
     writer.WriteSe(chroma_qp_index_offset);
-        writer.WriteBit(context.h264_parameter_set.deblocking_filter_control_flag != 0);
+    writer.WriteBit(context.h264_parameter_set.deblocking_filter_control_present_flag != 0);
-        writer.WriteBit(((context.h264_parameter_set.flags >> 3) & 1) != 0);
+    writer.WriteBit(context.h264_parameter_set.flags.constrained_intra_pred.Value() != 0);
-        writer.WriteBit(context.h264_parameter_set.redundant_pic_count_flag != 0);
+    writer.WriteBit(context.h264_parameter_set.redundant_pic_cnt_present_flag != 0);
     writer.WriteBit(context.h264_parameter_set.transform_8x8_mode_flag != 0);
 
     writer.WriteBit(true);
 
     for (s32 index = 0; index < 6; index++) {
         writer.WriteBit(true);
-            const auto matrix_x4 =
+        std::span<const u8> matrix{context.weight_scale};
-                std::vector<u8>(context.scaling_matrix_4.begin(), context.scaling_matrix_4.end());
+        writer.WriteScalingList(matrix, index * 16, 16);
-            writer.WriteScalingList(matrix_x4, index * 16, 16);
     }
 
     if (context.h264_parameter_set.transform_8x8_mode_flag) {
         for (s32 index = 0; index < 2; index++) {
             writer.WriteBit(true);
-                const auto matrix_x8 = std::vector<u8>(context.scaling_matrix_8.begin(),
+            std::span<const u8> matrix{context.weight_scale_8x8};
-                                                       context.scaling_matrix_8.end());
+            writer.WriteScalingList(matrix, index * 64, 64);
-
-                writer.WriteScalingList(matrix_x8, index * 64, 64);
         }
     }
 
     s32 chroma_qp_index_offset2 =
-            static_cast<s32>((context.h264_parameter_set.flags >> 27) & 0x1f);
+        static_cast<s32>(context.h264_parameter_set.second_chroma_qp_index_offset.Value());
-        chroma_qp_index_offset2 = (chroma_qp_index_offset2 << 27) >> 27;
 
     writer.WriteSe(chroma_qp_index_offset2);
 
     writer.End();
 
     const auto& encoded_header = writer.GetByteArray();
-        frame.resize(encoded_header.size() + context.frame_data_size);
+    frame.resize(encoded_header.size() + context.stream_len);
     std::memcpy(frame.data(), encoded_header.data(), encoded_header.size());
 
     gpu.MemoryManager().ReadBlock(state.frame_bitstream_offset,
-                                      frame.data() + encoded_header.size(),
+                                  frame.data() + encoded_header.size(), context.stream_len);
-                                      context.frame_data_size);
-    }
 
     return frame;
 }
@@ -202,7 +197,7 @@ void H264BitWriter::WriteBit(bool state) {
     WriteBits(state ? 1 : 0, 1);
 }
 
-void H264BitWriter::WriteScalingList(const std::vector<u8>& list, s32 start, s32 count) {
+void H264BitWriter::WriteScalingList(std::span<const u8> list, s32 start, s32 count) {
     std::vector<u8> scan(count);
     if (count == 16) {
         std::memcpy(scan.data(), zig_zag_scan.data(), scan.size());

src/video_core/command_classes/codecs/h264.h

@@ -20,7 +20,9 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <span>
 #include <vector>
+#include "common/bit_field.h"
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "video_core/command_classes/nvdec_common.h"
@@ -48,7 +50,7 @@ public:
 
     /// Based on section 7.3.2.1.1.1 and Table 7-4 in the H.264 specification
     /// Writes the scaling matrices of the sream
-    void WriteScalingList(const std::vector<u8>& list, s32 start, s32 count);
+    void WriteScalingList(std::span<const u8> list, s32 start, s32 count);
 
     /// Return the bitstream as a vector.
     [[nodiscard]] std::vector<u8>& GetByteArray();
@@ -78,40 +80,110 @@ public:
         const NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters& state, bool is_first_frame = false);
 
 private:
-    struct H264ParameterSet {
-        u32 log2_max_pic_order_cnt{};
-        u32 delta_pic_order_always_zero_flag{};
-        u32 frame_mbs_only_flag{};
-        u32 pic_width_in_mbs{};
-        u32 pic_height_in_map_units{};
-        INSERT_PADDING_WORDS(1);
-        u32 entropy_coding_mode_flag{};
-        u32 bottom_field_pic_order_flag{};
-        u32 num_refidx_l0_default_active{};
-        u32 num_refidx_l1_default_active{};
-        u32 deblocking_filter_control_flag{};
-        u32 redundant_pic_count_flag{};
-        u32 transform_8x8_mode_flag{};
-        INSERT_PADDING_WORDS(9);
-        u64 flags{};
-        u32 frame_number{};
-        u32 frame_number2{};
-    };
-    static_assert(sizeof(H264ParameterSet) == 0x68, "H264ParameterSet is an invalid size");
-
-    struct H264DecoderContext {
-        INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(0x48);
-        u32 frame_data_size{};
-        INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(0xc);
-        H264ParameterSet h264_parameter_set{};
-        INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(0x100);
-        std::array<u8, 0x60> scaling_matrix_4;
-        std::array<u8, 0x80> scaling_matrix_8;
-    };
-    static_assert(sizeof(H264DecoderContext) == 0x2a0, "H264DecoderContext is an invalid size");
-
     std::vector<u8> frame;
     GPU& gpu;
+
+    struct H264ParameterSet {
+        s32 log2_max_pic_order_cnt_lsb_minus4; ///< 0x00
+        s32 delta_pic_order_always_zero_flag;  ///< 0x04
+        s32 frame_mbs_only_flag;               ///< 0x08
+        u32 pic_width_in_mbs;                  ///< 0x0C
+        u32 frame_height_in_map_units;         ///< 0x10
+        union {                                ///< 0x14
+            BitField<0, 2, u32> tile_format;
+            BitField<2, 3, u32> gob_height;
+        };
+        u32 entropy_coding_mode_flag;               ///< 0x18
+        s32 pic_order_present_flag;                 ///< 0x1C
+        s32 num_refidx_l0_default_active;           ///< 0x20
+        s32 num_refidx_l1_default_active;           ///< 0x24
+        s32 deblocking_filter_control_present_flag; ///< 0x28
+        s32 redundant_pic_cnt_present_flag;         ///< 0x2C
+        u32 transform_8x8_mode_flag;                ///< 0x30
+        u32 pitch_luma;                             ///< 0x34
+        u32 pitch_chroma;                           ///< 0x38
+        u32 luma_top_offset;                        ///< 0x3C
+        u32 luma_bot_offset;                        ///< 0x40
+        u32 luma_frame_offset;                      ///< 0x44
+        u32 chroma_top_offset;                      ///< 0x48
+        u32 chroma_bot_offset;                      ///< 0x4C
+        u32 chroma_frame_offset;                    ///< 0x50
+        u32 hist_buffer_size;                       ///< 0x54
+        union {                                     ///< 0x58
+            union {
+                BitField<0, 1, u64> mbaff_frame;
+                BitField<1, 1, u64> direct_8x8_inference;
+                BitField<2, 1, u64> weighted_pred;
+                BitField<3, 1, u64> constrained_intra_pred;
+                BitField<4, 1, u64> ref_pic;
+                BitField<5, 1, u64> field_pic;
+                BitField<6, 1, u64> bottom_field;
+                BitField<7, 1, u64> second_field;
+            } flags;
+            BitField<8, 4, u64> log2_max_frame_num_minus4;
+            BitField<12, 2, u64> chroma_format_idc;
+            BitField<14, 2, u64> pic_order_cnt_type;
+            BitField<16, 6, s64> pic_init_qp_minus26;
+            BitField<22, 5, s64> chroma_qp_index_offset;
+            BitField<27, 5, s64> second_chroma_qp_index_offset;
+            BitField<32, 2, u64> weighted_bipred_idc;
+            BitField<34, 7, u64> curr_pic_idx;
+            BitField<41, 5, u64> curr_col_idx;
+            BitField<46, 16, u64> frame_number;
+            BitField<62, 1, u64> frame_surfaces;
+            BitField<63, 1, u64> output_memory_layout;
+        };
+    };
+    static_assert(sizeof(H264ParameterSet) == 0x60, "H264ParameterSet is an invalid size");
+
+    struct H264DecoderContext {
+        INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(18);       ///< 0x0000
+        u32 stream_len;                        ///< 0x0048
+        INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(3);        ///< 0x004C
+        H264ParameterSet h264_parameter_set;   ///< 0x0058
+        INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(66);       ///< 0x00B8
+        std::array<u8, 0x60> weight_scale;     ///< 0x01C0
+        std::array<u8, 0x80> weight_scale_8x8; ///< 0x0220
+    };
+    static_assert(sizeof(H264DecoderContext) == 0x2A0, "H264DecoderContext is an invalid size");
+
+#define ASSERT_POSITION(field_name, position)                                                      \
+    static_assert(offsetof(H264ParameterSet, field_name) == position,                              \
+                  "Field " #field_name " has invalid position")
+
+    ASSERT_POSITION(log2_max_pic_order_cnt_lsb_minus4, 0x00);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(delta_pic_order_always_zero_flag, 0x04);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(frame_mbs_only_flag, 0x08);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(pic_width_in_mbs, 0x0C);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(frame_height_in_map_units, 0x10);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(tile_format, 0x14);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(entropy_coding_mode_flag, 0x18);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(pic_order_present_flag, 0x1C);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(num_refidx_l0_default_active, 0x20);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(num_refidx_l1_default_active, 0x24);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(deblocking_filter_control_present_flag, 0x28);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(redundant_pic_cnt_present_flag, 0x2C);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(transform_8x8_mode_flag, 0x30);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(pitch_luma, 0x34);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(pitch_chroma, 0x38);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(luma_top_offset, 0x3C);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(luma_bot_offset, 0x40);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(luma_frame_offset, 0x44);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(chroma_top_offset, 0x48);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(chroma_bot_offset, 0x4C);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(chroma_frame_offset, 0x50);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(hist_buffer_size, 0x54);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(flags, 0x58);
+#undef ASSERT_POSITION
+
+#define ASSERT_POSITION(field_name, position)                                                      \
+    static_assert(offsetof(H264DecoderContext, field_name) == position,                            \
+                  "Field " #field_name " has invalid position")
+
+    ASSERT_POSITION(stream_len, 0x48);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(h264_parameter_set, 0x58);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(weight_scale, 0x1C0);
+#undef ASSERT_POSITION
 };
 
 } // namespace Decoder

src/video_core/command_classes/codecs/vp9.cpp

@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ void VP9::WriteMvProbabilityUpdate(VpxRangeEncoder& writer, u8 new_prob, u8 old_
 }
 
 Vp9PictureInfo VP9::GetVp9PictureInfo(const NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters& state) {
-    PictureInfo picture_info{};
+    PictureInfo picture_info;
     gpu.MemoryManager().ReadBlock(state.picture_info_offset, &picture_info, sizeof(PictureInfo));
     Vp9PictureInfo vp9_info = picture_info.Convert();
 
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ Vp9PictureInfo VP9::GetVp9PictureInfo(const NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters& state)
 }
 
 void VP9::InsertEntropy(u64 offset, Vp9EntropyProbs& dst) {
-    EntropyProbs entropy{};
+    EntropyProbs entropy;
     gpu.MemoryManager().ReadBlock(offset, &entropy, sizeof(EntropyProbs));
     entropy.Convert(dst);
 }

src/video_core/command_classes/codecs/vp9_types.h

@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@ class GPU;
 
 namespace Decoder {
 struct Vp9FrameDimensions {
-    s16 width{};
+    s16 width;
-    s16 height{};
+    s16 height;
-    s16 luma_pitch{};
+    s16 luma_pitch;
-    s16 chroma_pitch{};
+    s16 chroma_pitch;
 };
 static_assert(sizeof(Vp9FrameDimensions) == 0x8, "Vp9 Vp9FrameDimensions is an invalid size");
 
@@ -49,87 +49,87 @@ enum class TxMode {
 };
 
 struct Segmentation {
-    u8 enabled{};
+    u8 enabled;
-    u8 update_map{};
+    u8 update_map;
-    u8 temporal_update{};
+    u8 temporal_update;
-    u8 abs_delta{};
+    u8 abs_delta;
-    std::array<u32, 8> feature_mask{};
+    std::array<u32, 8> feature_mask;
-    std::array<std::array<s16, 4>, 8> feature_data{};
+    std::array<std::array<s16, 4>, 8> feature_data;
 };
 static_assert(sizeof(Segmentation) == 0x64, "Segmentation is an invalid size");
 
 struct LoopFilter {
-    u8 mode_ref_delta_enabled{};
+    u8 mode_ref_delta_enabled;
-    std::array<s8, 4> ref_deltas{};
+    std::array<s8, 4> ref_deltas;
-    std::array<s8, 2> mode_deltas{};
+    std::array<s8, 2> mode_deltas;
 };
 static_assert(sizeof(LoopFilter) == 0x7, "LoopFilter is an invalid size");
 
 struct Vp9EntropyProbs {
-    std::array<u8, 36> y_mode_prob{};
+    std::array<u8, 36> y_mode_prob;           ///< 0x0000
-    std::array<u8, 64> partition_prob{};
+    std::array<u8, 64> partition_prob;        ///< 0x0024
-    std::array<u8, 1728> coef_probs{};
+    std::array<u8, 1728> coef_probs;          ///< 0x0064
-    std::array<u8, 8> switchable_interp_prob{};
+    std::array<u8, 8> switchable_interp_prob; ///< 0x0724
-    std::array<u8, 28> inter_mode_prob{};
+    std::array<u8, 28> inter_mode_prob;       ///< 0x072C
-    std::array<u8, 4> intra_inter_prob{};
+    std::array<u8, 4> intra_inter_prob;       ///< 0x0748
-    std::array<u8, 5> comp_inter_prob{};
+    std::array<u8, 5> comp_inter_prob;        ///< 0x074C
-    std::array<u8, 10> single_ref_prob{};
+    std::array<u8, 10> single_ref_prob;       ///< 0x0751
-    std::array<u8, 5> comp_ref_prob{};
+    std::array<u8, 5> comp_ref_prob;          ///< 0x075B
-    std::array<u8, 6> tx_32x32_prob{};
+    std::array<u8, 6> tx_32x32_prob;          ///< 0x0760
-    std::array<u8, 4> tx_16x16_prob{};
+    std::array<u8, 4> tx_16x16_prob;          ///< 0x0766
-    std::array<u8, 2> tx_8x8_prob{};
+    std::array<u8, 2> tx_8x8_prob;            ///< 0x076A
-    std::array<u8, 3> skip_probs{};
+    std::array<u8, 3> skip_probs;             ///< 0x076C
-    std::array<u8, 3> joints{};
+    std::array<u8, 3> joints;                 ///< 0x076F
-    std::array<u8, 2> sign{};
+    std::array<u8, 2> sign;                   ///< 0x0772
-    std::array<u8, 20> classes{};
+    std::array<u8, 20> classes;               ///< 0x0774
-    std::array<u8, 2> class_0{};
+    std::array<u8, 2> class_0;                ///< 0x0788
-    std::array<u8, 20> prob_bits{};
+    std::array<u8, 20> prob_bits;             ///< 0x078A
-    std::array<u8, 12> class_0_fr{};
+    std::array<u8, 12> class_0_fr;            ///< 0x079E
-    std::array<u8, 6> fr{};
+    std::array<u8, 6> fr;                     ///< 0x07AA
-    std::array<u8, 2> class_0_hp{};
+    std::array<u8, 2> class_0_hp;             ///< 0x07B0
-    std::array<u8, 2> high_precision{};
+    std::array<u8, 2> high_precision;         ///< 0x07B2
 };
 static_assert(sizeof(Vp9EntropyProbs) == 0x7B4, "Vp9EntropyProbs is an invalid size");
 
 struct Vp9PictureInfo {
-    bool is_key_frame{};
+    bool is_key_frame;
-    bool intra_only{};
+    bool intra_only;
-    bool last_frame_was_key{};
+    bool last_frame_was_key;
-    bool frame_size_changed{};
+    bool frame_size_changed;
-    bool error_resilient_mode{};
+    bool error_resilient_mode;
-    bool last_frame_shown{};
+    bool last_frame_shown;
-    bool show_frame{};
+    bool show_frame;
-    std::array<s8, 4> ref_frame_sign_bias{};
+    std::array<s8, 4> ref_frame_sign_bias;
-    s32 base_q_index{};
+    s32 base_q_index;
-    s32 y_dc_delta_q{};
+    s32 y_dc_delta_q;
-    s32 uv_dc_delta_q{};
+    s32 uv_dc_delta_q;
-    s32 uv_ac_delta_q{};
+    s32 uv_ac_delta_q;
-    bool lossless{};
+    bool lossless;
-    s32 transform_mode{};
+    s32 transform_mode;
-    bool allow_high_precision_mv{};
+    bool allow_high_precision_mv;
-    s32 interp_filter{};
+    s32 interp_filter;
-    s32 reference_mode{};
+    s32 reference_mode;
-    s8 comp_fixed_ref{};
+    s8 comp_fixed_ref;
-    std::array<s8, 2> comp_var_ref{};
+    std::array<s8, 2> comp_var_ref;
-    s32 log2_tile_cols{};
+    s32 log2_tile_cols;
-    s32 log2_tile_rows{};
+    s32 log2_tile_rows;
-    bool segment_enabled{};
+    bool segment_enabled;
-    bool segment_map_update{};
+    bool segment_map_update;
-    bool segment_map_temporal_update{};
+    bool segment_map_temporal_update;
-    s32 segment_abs_delta{};
+    s32 segment_abs_delta;
-    std::array<u32, 8> segment_feature_enable{};
+    std::array<u32, 8> segment_feature_enable;
-    std::array<std::array<s16, 4>, 8> segment_feature_data{};
+    std::array<std::array<s16, 4>, 8> segment_feature_data;
-    bool mode_ref_delta_enabled{};
+    bool mode_ref_delta_enabled;
-    bool use_prev_in_find_mv_refs{};
+    bool use_prev_in_find_mv_refs;
-    std::array<s8, 4> ref_deltas{};
+    std::array<s8, 4> ref_deltas;
-    std::array<s8, 2> mode_deltas{};
+    std::array<s8, 2> mode_deltas;
-    Vp9EntropyProbs entropy{};
+    Vp9EntropyProbs entropy;
-    Vp9FrameDimensions frame_size{};
+    Vp9FrameDimensions frame_size;
-    u8 first_level{};
+    u8 first_level;
-    u8 sharpness_level{};
+    u8 sharpness_level;
-    u32 bitstream_size{};
+    u32 bitstream_size;
-    std::array<u64, 4> frame_offsets{};
+    std::array<u64, 4> frame_offsets;
-    std::array<bool, 4> refresh_frame{};
+    std::array<bool, 4> refresh_frame;
 };
 
 struct Vp9FrameContainer {
@@ -138,35 +138,35 @@ struct Vp9FrameContainer {
 };
 
 struct PictureInfo {
-    INSERT_PADDING_WORDS(12);
+    INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(12);       ///< 0x00
-    u32 bitstream_size{};
+    u32 bitstream_size;                    ///< 0x30
-    INSERT_PADDING_WORDS(5);
+    INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(5);        ///< 0x34
-    Vp9FrameDimensions last_frame_size{};
+    Vp9FrameDimensions last_frame_size;    ///< 0x48
-    Vp9FrameDimensions golden_frame_size{};
+    Vp9FrameDimensions golden_frame_size;  ///< 0x50
-    Vp9FrameDimensions alt_frame_size{};
+    Vp9FrameDimensions alt_frame_size;     ///< 0x58
-    Vp9FrameDimensions current_frame_size{};
+    Vp9FrameDimensions current_frame_size; ///< 0x60
-    u32 vp9_flags{};
+    u32 vp9_flags;                         ///< 0x68
-    std::array<s8, 4> ref_frame_sign_bias{};
+    std::array<s8, 4> ref_frame_sign_bias; ///< 0x6C
-    u8 first_level{};
+    u8 first_level;                        ///< 0x70
-    u8 sharpness_level{};
+    u8 sharpness_level;                    ///< 0x71
-    u8 base_q_index{};
+    u8 base_q_index;                       ///< 0x72
-    u8 y_dc_delta_q{};
+    u8 y_dc_delta_q;                       ///< 0x73
-    u8 uv_ac_delta_q{};
+    u8 uv_ac_delta_q;                      ///< 0x74
-    u8 uv_dc_delta_q{};
+    u8 uv_dc_delta_q;                      ///< 0x75
-    u8 lossless{};
+    u8 lossless;                           ///< 0x76
-    u8 tx_mode{};
+    u8 tx_mode;                            ///< 0x77
-    u8 allow_high_precision_mv{};
+    u8 allow_high_precision_mv;            ///< 0x78
-    u8 interp_filter{};
+    u8 interp_filter;                      ///< 0x79
-    u8 reference_mode{};
+    u8 reference_mode;                     ///< 0x7A
-    s8 comp_fixed_ref{};
+    s8 comp_fixed_ref;                     ///< 0x7B
-    std::array<s8, 2> comp_var_ref{};
+    std::array<s8, 2> comp_var_ref;        ///< 0x7C
-    u8 log2_tile_cols{};
+    u8 log2_tile_cols;                     ///< 0x7E
-    u8 log2_tile_rows{};
+    u8 log2_tile_rows;                     ///< 0x7F
-    Segmentation segmentation{};
+    Segmentation segmentation;             ///< 0x80
-    LoopFilter loop_filter{};
+    LoopFilter loop_filter;                ///< 0xE4
-    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(5);
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(5);        ///< 0xEB
-    u32 surface_params{};
+    u32 surface_params;                    ///< 0xF0
-    INSERT_PADDING_WORDS(3);
+    INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(3);        ///< 0xF4
 
     [[nodiscard]] Vp9PictureInfo Convert() const {
         return {
@@ -176,6 +176,7 @@ struct PictureInfo {
             .frame_size_changed = (vp9_flags & FrameFlags::FrameSizeChanged) != 0,
             .error_resilient_mode = (vp9_flags & FrameFlags::ErrorResilientMode) != 0,
             .last_frame_shown = (vp9_flags & FrameFlags::LastShowFrame) != 0,
+            .show_frame = false,
             .ref_frame_sign_bias = ref_frame_sign_bias,
             .base_q_index = base_q_index,
             .y_dc_delta_q = y_dc_delta_q,
@@ -204,45 +205,48 @@ struct PictureInfo {
                                         !(vp9_flags == (FrameFlags::LastFrameIsKeyFrame)),
             .ref_deltas = loop_filter.ref_deltas,
             .mode_deltas = loop_filter.mode_deltas,
+            .entropy{},
             .frame_size = current_frame_size,
             .first_level = first_level,
             .sharpness_level = sharpness_level,
             .bitstream_size = bitstream_size,
+            .frame_offsets{},
+            .refresh_frame{},
         };
     }
 };
 static_assert(sizeof(PictureInfo) == 0x100, "PictureInfo is an invalid size");
 
 struct EntropyProbs {
-    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(1024);
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(1024);                 ///< 0x0000
-    std::array<u8, 28> inter_mode_prob{};
+    std::array<u8, 28> inter_mode_prob;                ///< 0x0400
-    std::array<u8, 4> intra_inter_prob{};
+    std::array<u8, 4> intra_inter_prob;                ///< 0x041C
-    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(80);
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(80);                   ///< 0x0420
-    std::array<u8, 2> tx_8x8_prob{};
+    std::array<u8, 2> tx_8x8_prob;                     ///< 0x0470
-    std::array<u8, 4> tx_16x16_prob{};
+    std::array<u8, 4> tx_16x16_prob;                   ///< 0x0472
-    std::array<u8, 6> tx_32x32_prob{};
+    std::array<u8, 6> tx_32x32_prob;                   ///< 0x0476
-    std::array<u8, 4> y_mode_prob_e8{};
+    std::array<u8, 4> y_mode_prob_e8;                  ///< 0x047C
-    std::array<std::array<u8, 8>, 4> y_mode_prob_e0e7{};
+    std::array<std::array<u8, 8>, 4> y_mode_prob_e0e7; ///< 0x0480
-    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(64);
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(64);                   ///< 0x04A0
-    std::array<u8, 64> partition_prob{};
+    std::array<u8, 64> partition_prob;                 ///< 0x04E0
-    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(10);
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(10);                   ///< 0x0520
-    std::array<u8, 8> switchable_interp_prob{};
+    std::array<u8, 8> switchable_interp_prob;          ///< 0x052A
-    std::array<u8, 5> comp_inter_prob{};
+    std::array<u8, 5> comp_inter_prob;                 ///< 0x0532
-    std::array<u8, 3> skip_probs{};
+    std::array<u8, 3> skip_probs;                      ///< 0x0537
-    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(1);
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(1);                    ///< 0x053A
-    std::array<u8, 3> joints{};
+    std::array<u8, 3> joints;                          ///< 0x053B
-    std::array<u8, 2> sign{};
+    std::array<u8, 2> sign;                            ///< 0x053E
-    std::array<u8, 2> class_0{};
+    std::array<u8, 2> class_0;                         ///< 0x0540
-    std::array<u8, 6> fr{};
+    std::array<u8, 6> fr;                              ///< 0x0542
-    std::array<u8, 2> class_0_hp{};
+    std::array<u8, 2> class_0_hp;                      ///< 0x0548
-    std::array<u8, 2> high_precision{};
+    std::array<u8, 2> high_precision;                  ///< 0x054A
-    std::array<u8, 20> classes{};
+    std::array<u8, 20> classes;                        ///< 0x054C
-    std::array<u8, 12> class_0_fr{};
+    std::array<u8, 12> class_0_fr;                     ///< 0x0560
-    std::array<u8, 20> pred_bits{};
+    std::array<u8, 20> pred_bits;                      ///< 0x056C
-    std::array<u8, 10> single_ref_prob{};
+    std::array<u8, 10> single_ref_prob;                ///< 0x0580
-    std::array<u8, 5> comp_ref_prob{};
+    std::array<u8, 5> comp_ref_prob;                   ///< 0x058A
-    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(17);
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(17);                   ///< 0x058F
-    std::array<u8, 2304> coef_probs{};
+    std::array<u8, 2304> coef_probs;                   ///< 0x05A0
 
     void Convert(Vp9EntropyProbs& fc) {
         fc.inter_mode_prob = inter_mode_prob;
@@ -293,10 +297,45 @@ struct RefPoolElement {
 };
 
 struct FrameContexts {
-    s64 from{};
+    s64 from;
-    bool adapted{};
+    bool adapted;
-    Vp9EntropyProbs probs{};
+    Vp9EntropyProbs probs;
 };
 
+#define ASSERT_POSITION(field_name, position)                                                      \
+    static_assert(offsetof(Vp9EntropyProbs, field_name) == position,                               \
+                  "Field " #field_name " has invalid position")
+
+ASSERT_POSITION(partition_prob, 0x0024);
+ASSERT_POSITION(switchable_interp_prob, 0x0724);
+ASSERT_POSITION(sign, 0x0772);
+ASSERT_POSITION(class_0_fr, 0x079E);
+ASSERT_POSITION(high_precision, 0x07B2);
+#undef ASSERT_POSITION
+
+#define ASSERT_POSITION(field_name, position)                                                      \
+    static_assert(offsetof(PictureInfo, field_name) == position,                                   \
+                  "Field " #field_name " has invalid position")
+
+ASSERT_POSITION(bitstream_size, 0x30);
+ASSERT_POSITION(last_frame_size, 0x48);
+ASSERT_POSITION(first_level, 0x70);
+ASSERT_POSITION(segmentation, 0x80);
+ASSERT_POSITION(loop_filter, 0xE4);
+ASSERT_POSITION(surface_params, 0xF0);
+#undef ASSERT_POSITION
+
+#define ASSERT_POSITION(field_name, position)                                                      \
+    static_assert(offsetof(EntropyProbs, field_name) == position,                                  \
+                  "Field " #field_name " has invalid position")
+
+ASSERT_POSITION(inter_mode_prob, 0x400);
+ASSERT_POSITION(tx_8x8_prob, 0x470);
+ASSERT_POSITION(partition_prob, 0x4E0);
+ASSERT_POSITION(class_0, 0x540);
+ASSERT_POSITION(class_0_fr, 0x560);
+ASSERT_POSITION(coef_probs, 0x5A0);
+#undef ASSERT_POSITION
+
 }; // namespace Decoder
 }; // namespace Tegra

src/video_core/command_classes/nvdec.cpp

@@ -8,22 +8,21 @@
 
 namespace Tegra {
 
-Nvdec::Nvdec(GPU& gpu_) : gpu(gpu_), codec(std::make_unique<Codec>(gpu)) {}
+#define NVDEC_REG_INDEX(field_name)                                                                \
+    (offsetof(NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters, field_name) / sizeof(u64))
+
+Nvdec::Nvdec(GPU& gpu_) : gpu(gpu_), state{}, codec(std::make_unique<Codec>(gpu, state)) {}
 
 Nvdec::~Nvdec() = default;
 
-void Nvdec::ProcessMethod(Method method, u32 argument) {
+void Nvdec::ProcessMethod(u32 method, u32 argument) {
-    if (method == Method::SetVideoCodec) {
+    state.reg_array[method] = static_cast<u64>(argument) << 8;
-        codec->StateWrite(static_cast<u32>(method), argument);
-    } else {
-        codec->StateWrite(static_cast<u32>(method), static_cast<u64>(argument) << 8);
-    }
 
     switch (method) {
-    case Method::SetVideoCodec:
+    case NVDEC_REG_INDEX(set_codec_id):
         codec->SetTargetCodec(static_cast<NvdecCommon::VideoCodec>(argument));
         break;
-    case Method::Execute:
+    case NVDEC_REG_INDEX(execute):
         Execute();
         break;
     }

src/video_core/command_classes/nvdec.h

@@ -14,16 +14,11 @@ class GPU;
 
 class Nvdec {
 public:
-    enum class Method : u32 {
-        SetVideoCodec = 0x80,
-        Execute = 0xc0,
-    };
-
     explicit Nvdec(GPU& gpu);
     ~Nvdec();
 
     /// Writes the method into the state, Invoke Execute() if encountered
-    void ProcessMethod(Method method, u32 argument);
+    void ProcessMethod(u32 method, u32 argument);
 
     /// Return most recently decoded frame
     [[nodiscard]] AVFramePtr GetFrame();
@@ -33,6 +28,7 @@ private:
     void Execute();
 
     GPU& gpu;
+    NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters state;
     std::unique_ptr<Codec> codec;
 };
 } // namespace Tegra

src/video_core/command_classes/nvdec_common.h

@@ -4,40 +4,13 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include "common/bit_field.h"
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 
 namespace Tegra::NvdecCommon {
 
-struct NvdecRegisters {
+enum class VideoCodec : u64 {
-    INSERT_PADDING_WORDS(256);
-    u64 set_codec_id{};
-    INSERT_PADDING_WORDS(254);
-    u64 set_platform_id{};
-    u64 picture_info_offset{};
-    u64 frame_bitstream_offset{};
-    u64 frame_number{};
-    u64 h264_slice_data_offsets{};
-    u64 h264_mv_dump_offset{};
-    INSERT_PADDING_WORDS(6);
-    u64 frame_stats_offset{};
-    u64 h264_last_surface_luma_offset{};
-    u64 h264_last_surface_chroma_offset{};
-    std::array<u64, 17> surface_luma_offset{};
-    std::array<u64, 17> surface_chroma_offset{};
-    INSERT_PADDING_WORDS(132);
-    u64 vp9_entropy_probs_offset{};
-    u64 vp9_backward_updates_offset{};
-    u64 vp9_last_frame_segmap_offset{};
-    u64 vp9_curr_frame_segmap_offset{};
-    INSERT_PADDING_WORDS(2);
-    u64 vp9_last_frame_mvs_offset{};
-    u64 vp9_curr_frame_mvs_offset{};
-    INSERT_PADDING_WORDS(2);
-};
-static_assert(sizeof(NvdecRegisters) == (0xBC0), "NvdecRegisters is incorrect size");
-
-enum class VideoCodec : u32 {
     None = 0x0,
     H264 = 0x3,
     Vp8 = 0x5,
@@ -45,4 +18,76 @@ enum class VideoCodec : u32 {
     Vp9 = 0x9,
 };
 
+// NVDEC should use a 32-bit address space, but is mapped to 64-bit,
+// doubling the sizes here is compensating for that.
+struct NvdecRegisters {
+    static constexpr std::size_t NUM_REGS = 0x178;
+
+    union {
+        struct {
+            INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(256); ///< 0x0000
+            VideoCodec set_codec_id;          ///< 0x0400
+            INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(126); ///< 0x0408
+            u64 execute;                      ///< 0x0600
+            INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(126); ///< 0x0608
+            struct {                          ///< 0x0800
+                union {
+                    BitField<0, 3, VideoCodec> codec;
+                    BitField<4, 1, u64> gp_timer_on;
+                    BitField<13, 1, u64> mb_timer_on;
+                    BitField<14, 1, u64> intra_frame_pslc;
+                    BitField<17, 1, u64> all_intra_frame;
+                };
+            } control_params;
+            u64 picture_info_offset;                   ///< 0x0808
+            u64 frame_bitstream_offset;                ///< 0x0810
+            u64 frame_number;                          ///< 0x0818
+            u64 h264_slice_data_offsets;               ///< 0x0820
+            u64 h264_mv_dump_offset;                   ///< 0x0828
+            INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(6);            ///< 0x0830
+            u64 frame_stats_offset;                    ///< 0x0848
+            u64 h264_last_surface_luma_offset;         ///< 0x0850
+            u64 h264_last_surface_chroma_offset;       ///< 0x0858
+            std::array<u64, 17> surface_luma_offset;   ///< 0x0860
+            std::array<u64, 17> surface_chroma_offset; ///< 0x08E8
+            INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(132);          ///< 0x0970
+            u64 vp9_entropy_probs_offset;              ///< 0x0B80
+            u64 vp9_backward_updates_offset;           ///< 0x0B88
+            u64 vp9_last_frame_segmap_offset;          ///< 0x0B90
+            u64 vp9_curr_frame_segmap_offset;          ///< 0x0B98
+            INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(2);            ///< 0x0BA0
+            u64 vp9_last_frame_mvs_offset;             ///< 0x0BA8
+            u64 vp9_curr_frame_mvs_offset;             ///< 0x0BB0
+            INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(2);            ///< 0x0BB8
+        };
+        std::array<u64, NUM_REGS> reg_array;
+    };
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(NvdecRegisters) == (0xBC0), "NvdecRegisters is incorrect size");
+
+#define ASSERT_REG_POSITION(field_name, position)                                                  \
+    static_assert(offsetof(NvdecRegisters, field_name) == position * sizeof(u64),                  \
+                  "Field " #field_name " has invalid position")
+
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(set_codec_id, 0x80);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(execute, 0xC0);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(control_params, 0x100);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(picture_info_offset, 0x101);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(frame_bitstream_offset, 0x102);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(frame_number, 0x103);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(h264_slice_data_offsets, 0x104);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(frame_stats_offset, 0x109);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(h264_last_surface_luma_offset, 0x10A);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(h264_last_surface_chroma_offset, 0x10B);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(surface_luma_offset, 0x10C);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(surface_chroma_offset, 0x11D);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(vp9_entropy_probs_offset, 0x170);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(vp9_backward_updates_offset, 0x171);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(vp9_last_frame_segmap_offset, 0x172);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(vp9_curr_frame_segmap_offset, 0x173);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(vp9_last_frame_mvs_offset, 0x175);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(vp9_curr_frame_mvs_offset, 0x176);
+
+#undef ASSERT_REG_POSITION
+
 } // namespace Tegra::NvdecCommon

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/renderer_vulkan.cpp

@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ RendererVulkan::RendererVulkan(Core::TelemetrySession& telemetry_session_,
       gpu(gpu_),
       library(OpenLibrary()),
       instance(CreateInstance(library, dld, VK_API_VERSION_1_1, render_window.GetWindowInfo().type,
-                              true, Settings::values.renderer_debug)),
+                              true, Settings::values.renderer_debug.GetValue())),
       debug_callback(Settings::values.renderer_debug ? CreateDebugCallback(instance) : nullptr),
       surface(CreateSurface(instance, render_window)),
       device(CreateDevice(instance, dld, *surface)),

src/yuzu/configuration/config.h

@@ -102,28 +102,75 @@ private:
     void SaveUILayoutValues();
     void SaveWebServiceValues();
 
+    /**
+     * Reads a setting from the qt_config.
+     *
+     * @param name The setting's identifier
+     * @param default_value The value to use when the setting is not already present in the config
+     */
     QVariant ReadSetting(const QString& name) const;
     QVariant ReadSetting(const QString& name, const QVariant& default_value) const;
-    // Templated ReadSettingGlobal functions will also look for the use_global setting and set
+
-    // both the value and the global state properly
+    /**
-    template <typename Type>
+     * Only reads a setting from the qt_config if the current config is a global config, or if the
-    void ReadSettingGlobal(Settings::Setting<Type>& setting, const QString& name);
+     * current config is a custom config and the setting is overriding the global setting. Otherwise
-    template <typename Type>
+     * it does nothing.
-    void ReadSettingGlobal(Settings::Setting<Type>& setting, const QString& name,
+     *
-                           const QVariant& default_value);
+     * @param setting The variable to be modified
+     * @param name The setting's identifier
+     * @param default_value The value to use when the setting is not already present in the config
+     */
     template <typename Type>
     void ReadSettingGlobal(Type& setting, const QString& name, const QVariant& default_value) const;
-    // Templated WriteSettingGlobal functions will also write the global state if needed and will
+
-    // skip writing the actual setting if it defers to the global value
+    /**
+     * Writes a setting to the qt_config.
+     *
+     * @param name The setting's idetentifier
+     * @param value Value of the setting
+     * @param default_value Default of the setting if not present in qt_config
+     * @param use_global Specifies if the custom or global config should be in use, for custom
+     * configs
+     */
     void WriteSetting(const QString& name, const QVariant& value);
     void WriteSetting(const QString& name, const QVariant& value, const QVariant& default_value);
+    void WriteSetting(const QString& name, const QVariant& value, const QVariant& default_value,
+                      bool use_global);
+
+    /**
+     * Reads a value from the qt_config and applies it to the setting, using its label and default
+     * value. If the config is a custom config, this will also read the global state of the setting
+     * and apply that information to it.
+     *
+     * @param The setting
+     */
     template <typename Type>
-    void WriteSettingGlobal(const QString& name, const Settings::Setting<Type>& setting);
+    void ReadGlobalSetting(Settings::Setting<Type>& setting);
+
+    /**
+     * Sets a value to the qt_config using the setting's label and default value. If the config is a
+     * custom config, it will apply the global state, and the custom value if needed.
+     *
+     * @param The setting
+     */
     template <typename Type>
-    void WriteSettingGlobal(const QString& name, const Settings::Setting<Type>& setting,
+    void WriteGlobalSetting(const Settings::Setting<Type>& setting);
-                            const QVariant& default_value);
+
-    void WriteSettingGlobal(const QString& name, const QVariant& value, bool use_global,
+    /**
-                            const QVariant& default_value);
+     * Reads a value from the qt_config using the setting's label and default value and applies the
+     * value to the setting.
+     *
+     * @param The setting
+     */
+    template <typename Type>
+    void ReadBasicSetting(Settings::BasicSetting<Type>& setting);
+
+    /** Sets a value from the setting in the qt_config using the setting's label and default value.
+     *
+     * @param The setting
+     */
+    template <typename Type>
+    void WriteBasicSetting(const Settings::BasicSetting<Type>& setting);
 
     ConfigType type;
     std::unique_ptr<QSettings> qt_config;

src/yuzu/configuration/configure_audio.cpp

@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ void ConfigureAudio::SetOutputSinkFromSinkID() {
     [[maybe_unused]] const QSignalBlocker blocker(ui->output_sink_combo_box);
 
     int new_sink_index = 0;
-    const QString sink_id = QString::fromStdString(Settings::values.sink_id);
+    const QString sink_id = QString::fromStdString(Settings::values.sink_id.GetValue());
     for (int index = 0; index < ui->output_sink_combo_box->count(); index++) {
         if (ui->output_sink_combo_box->itemText(index) == sink_id) {
             new_sink_index = index;
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ void ConfigureAudio::SetOutputSinkFromSinkID() {
 void ConfigureAudio::SetAudioDeviceFromDeviceID() {
     int new_device_index = -1;
 
-    const QString device_id = QString::fromStdString(Settings::values.audio_device_id);
+    const QString device_id = QString::fromStdString(Settings::values.audio_device_id.GetValue());
     for (int index = 0; index < ui->audio_device_combo_box->count(); index++) {
         if (ui->audio_device_combo_box->itemText(index) == device_id) {
             new_device_index = index;
@@ -106,9 +106,9 @@ void ConfigureAudio::ApplyConfiguration() {
         Settings::values.sink_id =
             ui->output_sink_combo_box->itemText(ui->output_sink_combo_box->currentIndex())
                 .toStdString();
-        Settings::values.audio_device_id =
+        Settings::values.audio_device_id.SetValue(
             ui->audio_device_combo_box->itemText(ui->audio_device_combo_box->currentIndex())
-                .toStdString();
+                .toStdString());
 
         // Guard if during game and set to game-specific value
         if (Settings::values.volume.UsingGlobal()) {

src/yuzu/configuration/configure_cpu_debug.cpp

@@ -24,23 +24,26 @@ void ConfigureCpuDebug::SetConfiguration() {
     const bool runtime_lock = !Core::System::GetInstance().IsPoweredOn();
 
     ui->cpuopt_page_tables->setEnabled(runtime_lock);
-    ui->cpuopt_page_tables->setChecked(Settings::values.cpuopt_page_tables);
+    ui->cpuopt_page_tables->setChecked(Settings::values.cpuopt_page_tables.GetValue());
     ui->cpuopt_block_linking->setEnabled(runtime_lock);
-    ui->cpuopt_block_linking->setChecked(Settings::values.cpuopt_block_linking);
+    ui->cpuopt_block_linking->setChecked(Settings::values.cpuopt_block_linking.GetValue());
     ui->cpuopt_return_stack_buffer->setEnabled(runtime_lock);
-    ui->cpuopt_return_stack_buffer->setChecked(Settings::values.cpuopt_return_stack_buffer);
+    ui->cpuopt_return_stack_buffer->setChecked(
+        Settings::values.cpuopt_return_stack_buffer.GetValue());
     ui->cpuopt_fast_dispatcher->setEnabled(runtime_lock);
-    ui->cpuopt_fast_dispatcher->setChecked(Settings::values.cpuopt_fast_dispatcher);
+    ui->cpuopt_fast_dispatcher->setChecked(Settings::values.cpuopt_fast_dispatcher.GetValue());
     ui->cpuopt_context_elimination->setEnabled(runtime_lock);
-    ui->cpuopt_context_elimination->setChecked(Settings::values.cpuopt_context_elimination);
+    ui->cpuopt_context_elimination->setChecked(
+        Settings::values.cpuopt_context_elimination.GetValue());
     ui->cpuopt_const_prop->setEnabled(runtime_lock);
-    ui->cpuopt_const_prop->setChecked(Settings::values.cpuopt_const_prop);
+    ui->cpuopt_const_prop->setChecked(Settings::values.cpuopt_const_prop.GetValue());
     ui->cpuopt_misc_ir->setEnabled(runtime_lock);
-    ui->cpuopt_misc_ir->setChecked(Settings::values.cpuopt_misc_ir);
+    ui->cpuopt_misc_ir->setChecked(Settings::values.cpuopt_misc_ir.GetValue());
     ui->cpuopt_reduce_misalign_checks->setEnabled(runtime_lock);
-    ui->cpuopt_reduce_misalign_checks->setChecked(Settings::values.cpuopt_reduce_misalign_checks);
+    ui->cpuopt_reduce_misalign_checks->setChecked(
+        Settings::values.cpuopt_reduce_misalign_checks.GetValue());
     ui->cpuopt_fastmem->setEnabled(runtime_lock);
-    ui->cpuopt_fastmem->setChecked(Settings::values.cpuopt_fastmem);
+    ui->cpuopt_fastmem->setChecked(Settings::values.cpuopt_fastmem.GetValue());
 }
 
 void ConfigureCpuDebug::ApplyConfiguration() {

src/yuzu/configuration/configure_debug.cpp

@@ -31,20 +31,21 @@ void ConfigureDebug::SetConfiguration() {
     const bool runtime_lock = !Core::System::GetInstance().IsPoweredOn();
 
     ui->toggle_console->setEnabled(runtime_lock);
-    ui->toggle_console->setChecked(UISettings::values.show_console);
+    ui->toggle_console->setChecked(UISettings::values.show_console.GetValue());
-    ui->log_filter_edit->setText(QString::fromStdString(Settings::values.log_filter));
+    ui->log_filter_edit->setText(QString::fromStdString(Settings::values.log_filter.GetValue()));
-    ui->homebrew_args_edit->setText(QString::fromStdString(Settings::values.program_args));
+    ui->homebrew_args_edit->setText(
+        QString::fromStdString(Settings::values.program_args.GetValue()));
     ui->fs_access_log->setEnabled(runtime_lock);
-    ui->fs_access_log->setChecked(Settings::values.enable_fs_access_log);
+    ui->fs_access_log->setChecked(Settings::values.enable_fs_access_log.GetValue());
-    ui->reporting_services->setChecked(Settings::values.reporting_services);
+    ui->reporting_services->setChecked(Settings::values.reporting_services.GetValue());
-    ui->quest_flag->setChecked(Settings::values.quest_flag);
+    ui->quest_flag->setChecked(Settings::values.quest_flag.GetValue());
-    ui->use_debug_asserts->setChecked(Settings::values.use_debug_asserts);
+    ui->use_debug_asserts->setChecked(Settings::values.use_debug_asserts.GetValue());
-    ui->use_auto_stub->setChecked(Settings::values.use_auto_stub);
+    ui->use_auto_stub->setChecked(Settings::values.use_auto_stub.GetValue());
     ui->enable_graphics_debugging->setEnabled(runtime_lock);
-    ui->enable_graphics_debugging->setChecked(Settings::values.renderer_debug);
+    ui->enable_graphics_debugging->setChecked(Settings::values.renderer_debug.GetValue());
     ui->disable_macro_jit->setEnabled(runtime_lock);
-    ui->disable_macro_jit->setChecked(Settings::values.disable_macro_jit);
+    ui->disable_macro_jit->setChecked(Settings::values.disable_macro_jit.GetValue());
-    ui->extended_logging->setChecked(Settings::values.extended_logging);
+    ui->extended_logging->setChecked(Settings::values.extended_logging.GetValue());
 }
 
 void ConfigureDebug::ApplyConfiguration() {
@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ void ConfigureDebug::ApplyConfiguration() {
     Settings::values.extended_logging = ui->extended_logging->isChecked();
     Debugger::ToggleConsole();
     Common::Log::Filter filter;
-    filter.ParseFilterString(Settings::values.log_filter);
+    filter.ParseFilterString(Settings::values.log_filter.GetValue());
     Common::Log::SetGlobalFilter(filter);
 }
 

src/yuzu/configuration/configure_filesystem.cpp

@@ -43,18 +43,19 @@ void ConfigureFilesystem::setConfiguration() {
         QString::fromStdString(Common::FS::GetYuzuPathString(Common::FS::YuzuPath::NANDDir)));
     ui->sdmc_directory_edit->setText(
         QString::fromStdString(Common::FS::GetYuzuPathString(Common::FS::YuzuPath::SDMCDir)));
-    ui->gamecard_path_edit->setText(QString::fromStdString(Settings::values.gamecard_path));
+    ui->gamecard_path_edit->setText(
+        QString::fromStdString(Settings::values.gamecard_path.GetValue()));
     ui->dump_path_edit->setText(
         QString::fromStdString(Common::FS::GetYuzuPathString(Common::FS::YuzuPath::DumpDir)));
     ui->load_path_edit->setText(
         QString::fromStdString(Common::FS::GetYuzuPathString(Common::FS::YuzuPath::LoadDir)));
 
-    ui->gamecard_inserted->setChecked(Settings::values.gamecard_inserted);
+    ui->gamecard_inserted->setChecked(Settings::values.gamecard_inserted.GetValue());
-    ui->gamecard_current_game->setChecked(Settings::values.gamecard_current_game);
+    ui->gamecard_current_game->setChecked(Settings::values.gamecard_current_game.GetValue());
-    ui->dump_exefs->setChecked(Settings::values.dump_exefs);
+    ui->dump_exefs->setChecked(Settings::values.dump_exefs.GetValue());
-    ui->dump_nso->setChecked(Settings::values.dump_nso);
+    ui->dump_nso->setChecked(Settings::values.dump_nso.GetValue());
 
-    ui->cache_game_list->setChecked(UISettings::values.cache_game_list);
+    ui->cache_game_list->setChecked(UISettings::values.cache_game_list.GetValue());
 
     UpdateEnabledControls();
 }

src/yuzu/configuration/configure_general.cpp

@@ -40,10 +40,10 @@ void ConfigureGeneral::SetConfiguration() {
     ui->use_multi_core->setEnabled(runtime_lock);
     ui->use_multi_core->setChecked(Settings::values.use_multi_core.GetValue());
 
-    ui->toggle_check_exit->setChecked(UISettings::values.confirm_before_closing);
+    ui->toggle_check_exit->setChecked(UISettings::values.confirm_before_closing.GetValue());
-    ui->toggle_user_on_boot->setChecked(UISettings::values.select_user_on_boot);
+    ui->toggle_user_on_boot->setChecked(UISettings::values.select_user_on_boot.GetValue());
-    ui->toggle_background_pause->setChecked(UISettings::values.pause_when_in_background);
+    ui->toggle_background_pause->setChecked(UISettings::values.pause_when_in_background.GetValue());
-    ui->toggle_hide_mouse->setChecked(UISettings::values.hide_mouse);
+    ui->toggle_hide_mouse->setChecked(UISettings::values.hide_mouse.GetValue());
 
     ui->toggle_frame_limit->setChecked(Settings::values.use_frame_limit.GetValue());
     ui->frame_limit->setValue(Settings::values.frame_limit.GetValue());

src/yuzu/configuration/configure_input_advanced.cpp

@@ -148,12 +148,12 @@ void ConfigureInputAdvanced::LoadConfiguration() {
         }
     }
 
-    ui->debug_enabled->setChecked(Settings::values.debug_pad_enabled);
+    ui->debug_enabled->setChecked(Settings::values.debug_pad_enabled.GetValue());
-    ui->mouse_enabled->setChecked(Settings::values.mouse_enabled);
+    ui->mouse_enabled->setChecked(Settings::values.mouse_enabled.GetValue());
-    ui->keyboard_enabled->setChecked(Settings::values.keyboard_enabled);
+    ui->keyboard_enabled->setChecked(Settings::values.keyboard_enabled.GetValue());
-    ui->emulate_analog_keyboard->setChecked(Settings::values.emulate_analog_keyboard);
+    ui->emulate_analog_keyboard->setChecked(Settings::values.emulate_analog_keyboard.GetValue());
-    ui->mouse_panning->setChecked(Settings::values.mouse_panning);
+    ui->mouse_panning->setChecked(Settings::values.mouse_panning.GetValue());
-    ui->mouse_panning_sensitivity->setValue(Settings::values.mouse_panning_sensitivity);
+    ui->mouse_panning_sensitivity->setValue(Settings::values.mouse_panning_sensitivity.GetValue());
     ui->touchscreen_enabled->setChecked(Settings::values.touchscreen.enabled);
 
     UpdateUIEnabled();

src/yuzu/configuration/configure_motion_touch.cpp

@@ -101,15 +101,16 @@ ConfigureMotionTouch::ConfigureMotionTouch(QWidget* parent,
 ConfigureMotionTouch::~ConfigureMotionTouch() = default;
 
 void ConfigureMotionTouch::SetConfiguration() {
-    const Common::ParamPackage motion_param(Settings::values.motion_device);
+    const Common::ParamPackage motion_param(Settings::values.motion_device.GetValue());
-    const Common::ParamPackage touch_param(Settings::values.touch_device);
+    const Common::ParamPackage touch_param(Settings::values.touch_device.GetValue());
 
-    ui->touch_from_button_checkbox->setChecked(Settings::values.use_touch_from_button);
+    ui->touch_from_button_checkbox->setChecked(Settings::values.use_touch_from_button.GetValue());
     touch_from_button_maps = Settings::values.touch_from_button_maps;
     for (const auto& touch_map : touch_from_button_maps) {
         ui->touch_from_button_map->addItem(QString::fromStdString(touch_map.name));
     }
-    ui->touch_from_button_map->setCurrentIndex(Settings::values.touch_from_button_map_index);
+    ui->touch_from_button_map->setCurrentIndex(
+        Settings::values.touch_from_button_map_index.GetValue());
     ui->motion_sensitivity->setValue(motion_param.Get("sensitivity", 0.01f));
 
     min_x = touch_param.Get("min_x", 100);
@@ -124,7 +125,7 @@ void ConfigureMotionTouch::SetConfiguration() {
     udp_server_list_model->setStringList({});
     ui->udp_server_list->setModel(udp_server_list_model);
 
-    std::stringstream ss(Settings::values.udp_input_servers);
+    std::stringstream ss(Settings::values.udp_input_servers.GetValue());
     std::string token;
 
     while (std::getline(ss, token, ',')) {

src/yuzu/configuration/configure_profile_manager.cpp

@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ void ConfigureProfileManager::PopulateUserList() {
 void ConfigureProfileManager::UpdateCurrentUser() {
     ui->pm_add->setEnabled(profile_manager->GetUserCount() < Service::Account::MAX_USERS);
 
-    const auto& current_user = profile_manager->GetUser(Settings::values.current_user);
+    const auto& current_user = profile_manager->GetUser(Settings::values.current_user.GetValue());
     ASSERT(current_user);
     const auto username = GetAccountUsername(*profile_manager, *current_user);
 
@@ -245,15 +245,18 @@ void ConfigureProfileManager::DeleteUser() {
         this, tr("Confirm Delete"),
         tr("You are about to delete user with name \"%1\". Are you sure?").arg(username));
 
-    if (confirm == QMessageBox::No)
+    if (confirm == QMessageBox::No) {
         return;
+    }
 
-    if (Settings::values.current_user == tree_view->currentIndex().row())
+    if (Settings::values.current_user.GetValue() == tree_view->currentIndex().row()) {
         Settings::values.current_user = 0;
+    }
     UpdateCurrentUser();
 
-    if (!profile_manager->RemoveUser(*uuid))
+    if (!profile_manager->RemoveUser(*uuid)) {
         return;
+    }
 
     item_model->removeRows(tree_view->currentIndex().row(), 1);
     tree_view->clearSelection();

src/yuzu/configuration/configure_service.cpp

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ void ConfigureService::RetranslateUi() {
 
 void ConfigureService::SetConfiguration() {
     const int index =
-        ui->bcat_source->findData(QString::fromStdString(Settings::values.bcat_backend));
+        ui->bcat_source->findData(QString::fromStdString(Settings::values.bcat_backend.GetValue()));
     ui->bcat_source->setCurrentIndex(index == -1 ? 0 : index);
 }
 

src/yuzu/configuration/configure_ui.cpp

@@ -113,11 +113,12 @@ void ConfigureUi::SetConfiguration() {
     ui->theme_combobox->setCurrentIndex(ui->theme_combobox->findData(UISettings::values.theme));
     ui->language_combobox->setCurrentIndex(
         ui->language_combobox->findData(UISettings::values.language));
-    ui->show_add_ons->setChecked(UISettings::values.show_add_ons);
+    ui->show_add_ons->setChecked(UISettings::values.show_add_ons.GetValue());
     ui->icon_size_combobox->setCurrentIndex(
-        ui->icon_size_combobox->findData(UISettings::values.icon_size));
+        ui->icon_size_combobox->findData(UISettings::values.icon_size.GetValue()));
 
-    ui->enable_screenshot_save_as->setChecked(UISettings::values.enable_screenshot_save_as);
+    ui->enable_screenshot_save_as->setChecked(
+        UISettings::values.enable_screenshot_save_as.GetValue());
     ui->screenshot_path_edit->setText(QString::fromStdString(
         Common::FS::GetYuzuPathString(Common::FS::YuzuPath::ScreenshotsDir)));
 }
@@ -178,7 +179,7 @@ void ConfigureUi::InitializeRowComboBoxes() {
 
 void ConfigureUi::UpdateFirstRowComboBox(bool init) {
     const int currentIndex =
-        init ? UISettings::values.row_1_text_id
+        init ? UISettings::values.row_1_text_id.GetValue()
              : ui->row_1_text_combobox->findData(ui->row_1_text_combobox->currentData());
 
     ui->row_1_text_combobox->clear();
@@ -197,7 +198,7 @@ void ConfigureUi::UpdateFirstRowComboBox(bool init) {
 
 void ConfigureUi::UpdateSecondRowComboBox(bool init) {
     const int currentIndex =
-        init ? UISettings::values.row_2_text_id
+        init ? UISettings::values.row_2_text_id.GetValue()
              : ui->row_2_text_combobox->findData(ui->row_2_text_combobox->currentData());
 
     ui->row_2_text_combobox->clear();

src/yuzu/configuration/configure_web.cpp

@@ -88,22 +88,22 @@ void ConfigureWeb::SetConfiguration() {
     ui->web_signup_link->setOpenExternalLinks(true);
     ui->web_token_info_link->setOpenExternalLinks(true);
 
-    if (Settings::values.yuzu_username.empty()) {
+    if (Settings::values.yuzu_username.GetValue().empty()) {
         ui->username->setText(tr("Unspecified"));
     } else {
-        ui->username->setText(QString::fromStdString(Settings::values.yuzu_username));
+        ui->username->setText(QString::fromStdString(Settings::values.yuzu_username.GetValue()));
     }
 
-    ui->toggle_telemetry->setChecked(Settings::values.enable_telemetry);
+    ui->toggle_telemetry->setChecked(Settings::values.enable_telemetry.GetValue());
-    ui->edit_token->setText(QString::fromStdString(
+    ui->edit_token->setText(QString::fromStdString(GenerateDisplayToken(
-        GenerateDisplayToken(Settings::values.yuzu_username, Settings::values.yuzu_token)));
+        Settings::values.yuzu_username.GetValue(), Settings::values.yuzu_token.GetValue())));
 
     // Connect after setting the values, to avoid calling OnLoginChanged now
     connect(ui->edit_token, &QLineEdit::textChanged, this, &ConfigureWeb::OnLoginChanged);
 
     user_verified = true;
 
-    ui->toggle_discordrpc->setChecked(UISettings::values.enable_discord_presence);
+    ui->toggle_discordrpc->setChecked(UISettings::values.enable_discord_presence.GetValue());
 }
 
 void ConfigureWeb::ApplyConfiguration() {

src/yuzu/debugger/console.cpp

@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@
 namespace Debugger {
 void ToggleConsole() {
     static bool console_shown = false;
-    if (console_shown == UISettings::values.show_console) {
+    if (console_shown == UISettings::values.show_console.GetValue()) {
         return;
     } else {
-        console_shown = UISettings::values.show_console;
+        console_shown = UISettings::values.show_console.GetValue();
     }
 
 #if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(_DEBUG)

src/yuzu/game_list.cpp

@@ -244,7 +244,8 @@ void GameList::OnUpdateThemedIcons() {
     for (int i = 0; i < item_model->invisibleRootItem()->rowCount(); i++) {
         QStandardItem* child = item_model->invisibleRootItem()->child(i);
 
-        const int icon_size = std::min(static_cast<int>(UISettings::values.icon_size), 64);
+        const int icon_size =
+            std::min(static_cast<int>(UISettings::values.icon_size.GetValue()), 64);
         switch (child->data(GameListItem::TypeRole).value<GameListItemType>()) {
         case GameListItemType::SdmcDir:
             child->setData(

src/yuzu/game_list_p.h

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ public:
         setData(qulonglong(program_id), ProgramIdRole);
         setData(game_type, FileTypeRole);
 
-        const u32 size = UISettings::values.icon_size;
+        const u32 size = UISettings::values.icon_size.GetValue();
 
         QPixmap picture;
         if (!picture.loadFromData(picture_data.data(), static_cast<u32>(picture_data.size()))) {
@@ -108,8 +108,8 @@ public:
                 data(TitleRole).toString(),
             }};
 
-            const auto& row1 = row_data.at(UISettings::values.row_1_text_id);
+            const auto& row1 = row_data.at(UISettings::values.row_1_text_id.GetValue());
-            const int row2_id = UISettings::values.row_2_text_id;
+            const int row2_id = UISettings::values.row_2_text_id.GetValue();
 
             if (role == SortRole) {
                 return row1.toLower();
@@ -233,7 +233,8 @@ public:
         UISettings::GameDir* game_dir = &directory;
         setData(QVariant(UISettings::values.game_dirs.indexOf(directory)), GameDirRole);
 
-        const int icon_size = std::min(static_cast<int>(UISettings::values.icon_size), 64);
+        const int icon_size =
+            std::min(static_cast<int>(UISettings::values.icon_size.GetValue()), 64);
         switch (dir_type) {
         case GameListItemType::SdmcDir:
             setData(
@@ -294,7 +295,8 @@ public:
     explicit GameListAddDir() {
         setData(type(), TypeRole);
 
-        const int icon_size = std::min(static_cast<int>(UISettings::values.icon_size), 64);
+        const int icon_size =
+            std::min(static_cast<int>(UISettings::values.icon_size.GetValue()), 64);
         setData(QIcon::fromTheme(QStringLiteral("plus"))
                     .pixmap(icon_size)
                     .scaled(icon_size, icon_size, Qt::IgnoreAspectRatio, Qt::SmoothTransformation),
@@ -316,7 +318,8 @@ public:
     explicit GameListFavorites() {
         setData(type(), TypeRole);
 
-        const int icon_size = std::min(static_cast<int>(UISettings::values.icon_size), 64);
+        const int icon_size =
+            std::min(static_cast<int>(UISettings::values.icon_size.GetValue()), 64);
         setData(QIcon::fromTheme(QStringLiteral("star"))
                     .pixmap(icon_size)
                     .scaled(icon_size, icon_size, Qt::IgnoreAspectRatio, Qt::SmoothTransformation),

src/yuzu/main.cpp

@@ -156,11 +156,13 @@ enum class CalloutFlag : uint32_t {
 };
 
 void GMainWindow::ShowTelemetryCallout() {
-    if (UISettings::values.callout_flags & static_cast<uint32_t>(CalloutFlag::Telemetry)) {
+    if (UISettings::values.callout_flags.GetValue() &
+        static_cast<uint32_t>(CalloutFlag::Telemetry)) {
         return;
     }
 
-    UISettings::values.callout_flags |= static_cast<uint32_t>(CalloutFlag::Telemetry);
+    UISettings::values.callout_flags =
+        UISettings::values.callout_flags.GetValue() | static_cast<uint32_t>(CalloutFlag::Telemetry);
     const QString telemetry_message =
         tr("<a href='https://yuzu-emu.org/help/feature/telemetry/'>Anonymous "
            "data is collected</a> to help improve yuzu. "
@@ -177,7 +179,7 @@ static void InitializeLogging() {
     using namespace Common;
 
     Log::Filter log_filter;
-    log_filter.ParseFilterString(Settings::values.log_filter);
+    log_filter.ParseFilterString(Settings::values.log_filter.GetValue());
     Log::SetGlobalFilter(log_filter);
 
     const auto log_dir = FS::GetYuzuPath(FS::YuzuPath::LogDir);
@@ -216,7 +218,7 @@ GMainWindow::GMainWindow()
     default_theme_paths = QIcon::themeSearchPaths();
     UpdateUITheme();
 
-    SetDiscordEnabled(UISettings::values.enable_discord_presence);
+    SetDiscordEnabled(UISettings::values.enable_discord_presence.GetValue());
     discord_rpc->Update();
 
     RegisterMetaTypes();
@@ -1060,23 +1062,24 @@ void GMainWindow::RestoreUIState() {
     render_window->restoreGeometry(UISettings::values.renderwindow_geometry);
 #if MICROPROFILE_ENABLED
     microProfileDialog->restoreGeometry(UISettings::values.microprofile_geometry);
-    microProfileDialog->setVisible(UISettings::values.microprofile_visible);
+    microProfileDialog->setVisible(UISettings::values.microprofile_visible.GetValue());
 #endif
 
     game_list->LoadInterfaceLayout();
 
-    ui.action_Single_Window_Mode->setChecked(UISettings::values.single_window_mode);
+    ui.action_Single_Window_Mode->setChecked(UISettings::values.single_window_mode.GetValue());
     ToggleWindowMode();
 
-    ui.action_Fullscreen->setChecked(UISettings::values.fullscreen);
+    ui.action_Fullscreen->setChecked(UISettings::values.fullscreen.GetValue());
 
-    ui.action_Display_Dock_Widget_Headers->setChecked(UISettings::values.display_titlebar);
+    ui.action_Display_Dock_Widget_Headers->setChecked(
+        UISettings::values.display_titlebar.GetValue());
     OnDisplayTitleBars(ui.action_Display_Dock_Widget_Headers->isChecked());
 
-    ui.action_Show_Filter_Bar->setChecked(UISettings::values.show_filter_bar);
+    ui.action_Show_Filter_Bar->setChecked(UISettings::values.show_filter_bar.GetValue());
     game_list->SetFilterVisible(ui.action_Show_Filter_Bar->isChecked());
 
-    ui.action_Show_Status_Bar->setChecked(UISettings::values.show_status_bar);
+    ui.action_Show_Status_Bar->setChecked(UISettings::values.show_status_bar.GetValue());
     statusBar()->setVisible(ui.action_Show_Status_Bar->isChecked());
     Debugger::ToggleConsole();
 }
@@ -1243,13 +1246,14 @@ bool GMainWindow::LoadROM(const QString& filename, std::size_t program_index) {
     const Core::System::ResultStatus result{
         system.Load(*render_window, filename.toStdString(), program_index)};
 
-    const auto drd_callout =
+    const auto drd_callout = (UISettings::values.callout_flags.GetValue() &
-        (UISettings::values.callout_flags & static_cast<u32>(CalloutFlag::DRDDeprecation)) == 0;
+                              static_cast<u32>(CalloutFlag::DRDDeprecation)) == 0;
 
     if (result == Core::System::ResultStatus::Success &&
         system.GetAppLoader().GetFileType() == Loader::FileType::DeconstructedRomDirectory &&
         drd_callout) {
-        UISettings::values.callout_flags |= static_cast<u32>(CalloutFlag::DRDDeprecation);
+        UISettings::values.callout_flags = UISettings::values.callout_flags.GetValue() |
+                                           static_cast<u32>(CalloutFlag::DRDDeprecation);
         QMessageBox::warning(
             this, tr("Warning Outdated Game Format"),
             tr("You are using the deconstructed ROM directory format for this game, which is an "
@@ -2453,7 +2457,8 @@ void GMainWindow::ErrorDisplayDisplayError(QString error_code, QString error_tex
 }
 
 void GMainWindow::OnMenuReportCompatibility() {
-    if (!Settings::values.yuzu_token.empty() && !Settings::values.yuzu_username.empty()) {
+    if (!Settings::values.yuzu_token.GetValue().empty() &&
+        !Settings::values.yuzu_username.GetValue().empty()) {
         CompatDB compatdb{this};
         compatdb.exec();
     } else {
@@ -2618,7 +2623,7 @@ void GMainWindow::ResetWindowSize1080() {
 
 void GMainWindow::OnConfigure() {
     const auto old_theme = UISettings::values.theme;
-    const bool old_discord_presence = UISettings::values.enable_discord_presence;
+    const bool old_discord_presence = UISettings::values.enable_discord_presence.GetValue();
 
     ConfigureDialog configure_dialog(this, hotkey_registry, input_subsystem.get());
     connect(&configure_dialog, &ConfigureDialog::LanguageChanged, this,
@@ -2675,8 +2680,8 @@ void GMainWindow::OnConfigure() {
     if (UISettings::values.theme != old_theme) {
         UpdateUITheme();
     }
-    if (UISettings::values.enable_discord_presence != old_discord_presence) {
+    if (UISettings::values.enable_discord_presence.GetValue() != old_discord_presence) {
-        SetDiscordEnabled(UISettings::values.enable_discord_presence);
+        SetDiscordEnabled(UISettings::values.enable_discord_presence.GetValue());
     }
     emit UpdateThemedIcons();
 
@@ -2832,7 +2837,8 @@ void GMainWindow::OnCaptureScreenshot() {
         }
     }
 #endif
-    render_window->CaptureScreenshot(UISettings::values.screenshot_resolution_factor, filename);
+    render_window->CaptureScreenshot(UISettings::values.screenshot_resolution_factor.GetValue(),
+                                     filename);
     OnStartGame();
 }
 

src/yuzu/uisettings.h

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include <QStringList>
 #include <QVector>
 #include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/settings.h"
 
 namespace UISettings {
 
@@ -48,26 +49,26 @@ struct Values {
     QByteArray gamelist_header_state;
 
     QByteArray microprofile_geometry;
-    bool microprofile_visible;
+    Settings::BasicSetting<bool> microprofile_visible{false, "microProfileDialogVisible"};
 
-    bool single_window_mode;
+    Settings::BasicSetting<bool> single_window_mode{true, "singleWindowMode"};
-    bool fullscreen;
+    Settings::BasicSetting<bool> fullscreen{false, "fullscreen"};
-    bool display_titlebar;
+    Settings::BasicSetting<bool> display_titlebar{true, "displayTitleBars"};
-    bool show_filter_bar;
+    Settings::BasicSetting<bool> show_filter_bar{true, "showFilterBar"};
-    bool show_status_bar;
+    Settings::BasicSetting<bool> show_status_bar{true, "showStatusBar"};
 
-    bool confirm_before_closing;
+    Settings::BasicSetting<bool> confirm_before_closing{true, "confirmClose"};
-    bool first_start;
+    Settings::BasicSetting<bool> first_start{true, "firstStart"};
-    bool pause_when_in_background;
+    Settings::BasicSetting<bool> pause_when_in_background{false, "pauseWhenInBackground"};
-    bool hide_mouse;
+    Settings::BasicSetting<bool> hide_mouse{false, "hideInactiveMouse"};
 
-    bool select_user_on_boot;
+    Settings::BasicSetting<bool> select_user_on_boot{false, "select_user_on_boot"};
 
     // Discord RPC
-    bool enable_discord_presence;
+    Settings::BasicSetting<bool> enable_discord_presence{true, "enable_discord_presence"};
 
-    bool enable_screenshot_save_as;
+    Settings::BasicSetting<bool> enable_screenshot_save_as{true, "enable_screenshot_save_as"};
-    u16 screenshot_resolution_factor;
+    Settings::BasicSetting<u16> screenshot_resolution_factor{0, "screenshot_resolution_factor"};
 
     QString roms_path;
     QString symbols_path;
@@ -83,18 +84,18 @@ struct Values {
     // Shortcut name <Shortcut, context>
     std::vector<Shortcut> shortcuts;
 
-    uint32_t callout_flags;
+    Settings::BasicSetting<uint32_t> callout_flags{0, "calloutFlags"};
 
     // logging
-    bool show_console;
+    Settings::BasicSetting<bool> show_console{false, "showConsole"};
 
     // Game List
-    bool show_add_ons;
+    Settings::BasicSetting<bool> show_add_ons{true, "show_add_ons"};
-    uint32_t icon_size;
+    Settings::BasicSetting<uint32_t> icon_size{64, "icon_size"};
-    uint8_t row_1_text_id;
+    Settings::BasicSetting<uint8_t> row_1_text_id{3, "row_1_text_id"};
-    uint8_t row_2_text_id;
+    Settings::BasicSetting<uint8_t> row_2_text_id{2, "row_2_text_id"};
     std::atomic_bool is_game_list_reload_pending{false};
-    bool cache_game_list;
+    Settings::BasicSetting<bool> cache_game_list{true, "cache_game_list"};
 
     bool configuration_applied;
     bool reset_to_defaults;

src/yuzu_cmd/config.cpp

@@ -241,6 +241,24 @@ static const std::array<int, 8> keyboard_mods{
     SDL_SCANCODE_RCTRL, SDL_SCANCODE_RSHIFT, SDL_SCANCODE_RALT, SDL_SCANCODE_RGUI,
 };
 
+template <>
+void Config::ReadSetting(const std::string& group, Settings::BasicSetting<float>& setting) {
+    setting = sdl2_config->GetReal(group, setting.GetLabel(), setting.GetDefault());
+}
+template <>
+void Config::ReadSetting(const std::string& group, Settings::BasicSetting<std::string>& setting) {
+    setting = sdl2_config->Get(group, setting.GetLabel(), setting.GetDefault());
+}
+template <>
+void Config::ReadSetting(const std::string& group, Settings::BasicSetting<bool>& setting) {
+    setting = sdl2_config->GetBoolean(group, setting.GetLabel(), setting.GetDefault());
+}
+template <typename Type>
+void Config::ReadSetting(const std::string& group, Settings::BasicSetting<Type>& setting) {
+    setting = static_cast<Type>(sdl2_config->GetInteger(group, setting.GetLabel(),
+                                                        static_cast<long>(setting.GetDefault())));
+}
+
 void Config::ReadValues() {
     // Controls
     for (std::size_t p = 0; p < Settings::values.players.GetValue().size(); ++p) {
@@ -264,8 +282,7 @@ void Config::ReadValues() {
         }
     }
 
-    Settings::values.mouse_enabled =
+    ReadSetting("ControlsGeneral", Settings::values.mouse_enabled);
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("ControlsGeneral", "mouse_enabled", false);
     for (int i = 0; i < Settings::NativeMouseButton::NumMouseButtons; ++i) {
         std::string default_param = InputCommon::GenerateKeyboardParam(default_mouse_buttons[i]);
         Settings::values.mouse_buttons[i] = sdl2_config->Get(
@@ -275,14 +292,11 @@ void Config::ReadValues() {
             Settings::values.mouse_buttons[i] = default_param;
     }
 
-    Settings::values.motion_device = sdl2_config->Get(
+    ReadSetting("ControlsGeneral", Settings::values.motion_device);
-        "ControlsGeneral", "motion_device", "engine:motion_emu,update_period:100,sensitivity:0.01");
 
-    Settings::values.keyboard_enabled =
+    ReadSetting("ControlsGeneral", Settings::values.keyboard_enabled);
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("ControlsGeneral", "keyboard_enabled", false);
 
-    Settings::values.debug_pad_enabled =
+    ReadSetting("ControlsGeneral", Settings::values.debug_pad_enabled);
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("ControlsGeneral", "debug_pad_enabled", false);
     for (int i = 0; i < Settings::NativeButton::NumButtons; ++i) {
         std::string default_param = InputCommon::GenerateKeyboardParam(default_buttons[i]);
         Settings::values.debug_pad_buttons[i] = sdl2_config->Get(
@@ -303,12 +317,9 @@ void Config::ReadValues() {
             Settings::values.debug_pad_analogs[i] = default_param;
     }
 
-    Settings::values.vibration_enabled.SetValue(
+    ReadSetting("ControlsGeneral", Settings::values.vibration_enabled);
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("ControlsGeneral", "vibration_enabled", true));
+    ReadSetting("ControlsGeneral", Settings::values.enable_accurate_vibrations);
-    Settings::values.enable_accurate_vibrations.SetValue(
+    ReadSetting("ControlsGeneral", Settings::values.motion_enabled);
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("ControlsGeneral", "enable_accurate_vibrations", false));
-    Settings::values.motion_enabled.SetValue(
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("ControlsGeneral", "motion_enabled", true));
     Settings::values.touchscreen.enabled =
         sdl2_config->GetBoolean("ControlsGeneral", "touch_enabled", true);
     Settings::values.touchscreen.rotation_angle =
@@ -349,13 +360,11 @@ void Config::ReadValues() {
             Settings::TouchFromButtonMap{"default", {}});
         num_touch_from_button_maps = 1;
     }
-    Settings::values.use_touch_from_button =
+    ReadSetting("ControlsGeneral", Settings::values.use_touch_from_button);
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("ControlsGeneral", "use_touch_from_button", false);
+    Settings::values.touch_from_button_map_index = std::clamp(
-    Settings::values.touch_from_button_map_index =
+        Settings::values.touch_from_button_map_index.GetValue(), 0, num_touch_from_button_maps - 1);
-        std::clamp(Settings::values.touch_from_button_map_index, 0, num_touch_from_button_maps - 1);
 
-    Settings::values.udp_input_servers =
+    ReadSetting("ControlsGeneral", Settings::values.udp_input_servers);
-        sdl2_config->Get("Controls", "udp_input_address", InputCommon::CemuhookUDP::DEFAULT_SRV);
 
     std::transform(keyboard_keys.begin(), keyboard_keys.end(),
                    Settings::values.keyboard_keys.begin(), InputCommon::GenerateKeyboardParam);
@@ -367,8 +376,7 @@ void Config::ReadValues() {
                    Settings::values.keyboard_mods.begin(), InputCommon::GenerateKeyboardParam);
 
     // Data Storage
-    Settings::values.use_virtual_sd =
+    ReadSetting("Data Storage", Settings::values.use_virtual_sd);
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Data Storage", "use_virtual_sd", true);
     FS::SetYuzuPath(FS::YuzuPath::NANDDir,
                     sdl2_config->Get("Data Storage", "nand_directory",
                                      FS::GetYuzuPathString(FS::YuzuPath::NANDDir)));
@@ -381,18 +389,16 @@ void Config::ReadValues() {
     FS::SetYuzuPath(FS::YuzuPath::DumpDir,
                     sdl2_config->Get("Data Storage", "dump_directory",
                                      FS::GetYuzuPathString(FS::YuzuPath::DumpDir)));
-    Settings::values.gamecard_inserted =
+    ReadSetting("Data Storage", Settings::values.gamecard_inserted);
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Data Storage", "gamecard_inserted", false);
+    ReadSetting("Data Storage", Settings::values.gamecard_current_game);
-    Settings::values.gamecard_current_game =
+    ReadSetting("Data Storage", Settings::values.gamecard_path);
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Data Storage", "gamecard_current_game", false);
-    Settings::values.gamecard_path = sdl2_config->Get("Data Storage", "gamecard_path", "");
 
     // System
-    Settings::values.use_docked_mode.SetValue(
+    ReadSetting("System", Settings::values.use_docked_mode);
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("System", "use_docked_mode", true));
 
-    Settings::values.current_user = std::clamp<int>(
+    ReadSetting("System", Settings::values.current_user);
-        sdl2_config->GetInteger("System", "current_user", 0), 0, Service::Account::MAX_USERS - 1);
+    Settings::values.current_user = std::clamp<int>(Settings::values.current_user.GetValue(), 0,
+                                                    Service::Account::MAX_USERS - 1);
 
     const auto rng_seed_enabled = sdl2_config->GetBoolean("System", "rng_seed_enabled", false);
     if (rng_seed_enabled) {
@@ -409,89 +415,60 @@ void Config::ReadValues() {
         Settings::values.custom_rtc = std::nullopt;
     }
 
-    Settings::values.language_index.SetValue(
+    ReadSetting("System", Settings::values.language_index);
-        sdl2_config->GetInteger("System", "language_index", 1));
+    ReadSetting("System", Settings::values.time_zone_index);
-    Settings::values.time_zone_index.SetValue(
-        sdl2_config->GetInteger("System", "time_zone_index", 0));
 
     // Core
-    Settings::values.use_multi_core.SetValue(
+    ReadSetting("Core", Settings::values.use_multi_core);
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Core", "use_multi_core", true));
 
     // Renderer
-    const int renderer_backend = sdl2_config->GetInteger(
+    ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.renderer_backend);
-        "Renderer", "backend", static_cast<int>(Settings::RendererBackend::OpenGL));
+    ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.renderer_debug);
-    Settings::values.renderer_backend.SetValue(
+    ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.vulkan_device);
-        static_cast<Settings::RendererBackend>(renderer_backend));
-    Settings::values.renderer_debug = sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Renderer", "debug", false);
-    Settings::values.vulkan_device.SetValue(
-        sdl2_config->GetInteger("Renderer", "vulkan_device", 0));
 
-    Settings::values.aspect_ratio.SetValue(
+    ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.aspect_ratio);
-        static_cast<int>(sdl2_config->GetInteger("Renderer", "aspect_ratio", 0)));
+    ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.max_anisotropy);
-    Settings::values.max_anisotropy.SetValue(
+    ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.use_frame_limit);
-        static_cast<int>(sdl2_config->GetInteger("Renderer", "max_anisotropy", 0)));
+    ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.frame_limit);
-    Settings::values.use_frame_limit.SetValue(
+    ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.use_disk_shader_cache);
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Renderer", "use_frame_limit", true));
+    ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.gpu_accuracy);
-    Settings::values.frame_limit.SetValue(
+    ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.use_asynchronous_gpu_emulation);
-        static_cast<u16>(sdl2_config->GetInteger("Renderer", "frame_limit", 100)));
+    ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.use_vsync);
-    Settings::values.use_disk_shader_cache.SetValue(
+    ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.disable_fps_limit);
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Renderer", "use_disk_shader_cache", false));
+    ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.use_assembly_shaders);
-    const int gpu_accuracy_level = sdl2_config->GetInteger("Renderer", "gpu_accuracy", 1);
+    ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.use_asynchronous_shaders);
-    Settings::values.gpu_accuracy.SetValue(static_cast<Settings::GPUAccuracy>(gpu_accuracy_level));
+    ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.use_nvdec_emulation);
-    Settings::values.use_asynchronous_gpu_emulation.SetValue(
+    ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.accelerate_astc);
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Renderer", "use_asynchronous_gpu_emulation", true));
+    ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.use_fast_gpu_time);
-    Settings::values.use_vsync.SetValue(
-        static_cast<u16>(sdl2_config->GetInteger("Renderer", "use_vsync", 1)));
-    Settings::values.disable_fps_limit.SetValue(
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Renderer", "disable_fps_limit", false));
-    Settings::values.use_assembly_shaders.SetValue(
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Renderer", "use_assembly_shaders", true));
-    Settings::values.use_asynchronous_shaders.SetValue(
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Renderer", "use_asynchronous_shaders", false));
-    Settings::values.use_nvdec_emulation.SetValue(
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Renderer", "use_nvdec_emulation", true));
-    Settings::values.accelerate_astc.SetValue(
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Renderer", "accelerate_astc", true));
-    Settings::values.use_fast_gpu_time.SetValue(
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Renderer", "use_fast_gpu_time", true));
 
-    Settings::values.bg_red.SetValue(
+    ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.bg_red);
-        static_cast<float>(sdl2_config->GetReal("Renderer", "bg_red", 0.0)));
+    ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.bg_green);
-    Settings::values.bg_green.SetValue(
+    ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.bg_blue);
-        static_cast<float>(sdl2_config->GetReal("Renderer", "bg_green", 0.0)));
-    Settings::values.bg_blue.SetValue(
-        static_cast<float>(sdl2_config->GetReal("Renderer", "bg_blue", 0.0)));
 
     // Audio
-    Settings::values.sink_id = sdl2_config->Get("Audio", "output_engine", "auto");
+    ReadSetting("Audio", Settings::values.sink_id);
-    Settings::values.enable_audio_stretching.SetValue(
+    ReadSetting("Audio", Settings::values.enable_audio_stretching);
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Audio", "enable_audio_stretching", true));
+    ReadSetting("Audio", Settings::values.audio_device_id);
-    Settings::values.audio_device_id = sdl2_config->Get("Audio", "output_device", "auto");
+    ReadSetting("Audio", Settings::values.volume);
-    Settings::values.volume.SetValue(
-        static_cast<float>(sdl2_config->GetReal("Audio", "volume", 1)));
 
     // Miscellaneous
-    Settings::values.log_filter = sdl2_config->Get("Miscellaneous", "log_filter", "*:Trace");
+    // log_filter has a different default here than from common
-    Settings::values.use_dev_keys = sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Miscellaneous", "use_dev_keys", false);
+    Settings::values.log_filter =
+        sdl2_config->Get("Miscellaneous", Settings::values.log_filter.GetLabel(), "*:Trace");
+    ReadSetting("Miscellaneous", Settings::values.use_dev_keys);
 
     // Debugging
     Settings::values.record_frame_times =
         sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Debugging", "record_frame_times", false);
-    Settings::values.program_args = sdl2_config->Get("Debugging", "program_args", "");
+    ReadSetting("Debugging", Settings::values.program_args);
-    Settings::values.dump_exefs = sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Debugging", "dump_exefs", false);
+    ReadSetting("Debugging", Settings::values.dump_exefs);
-    Settings::values.dump_nso = sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Debugging", "dump_nso", false);
+    ReadSetting("Debugging", Settings::values.dump_nso);
-    Settings::values.enable_fs_access_log =
+    ReadSetting("Debugging", Settings::values.enable_fs_access_log);
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Debugging", "enable_fs_access_log", false);
+    ReadSetting("Debugging", Settings::values.reporting_services);
-    Settings::values.reporting_services =
+    ReadSetting("Debugging", Settings::values.quest_flag);
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Debugging", "reporting_services", false);
+    ReadSetting("Debugging", Settings::values.use_debug_asserts);
-    Settings::values.quest_flag = sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Debugging", "quest_flag", false);
+    ReadSetting("Debugging", Settings::values.use_auto_stub);
-    Settings::values.use_debug_asserts =
+    ReadSetting("Debugging", Settings::values.disable_macro_jit);
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Debugging", "use_debug_asserts", false);
-    Settings::values.use_auto_stub = sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Debugging", "use_auto_stub", false);
-
-    Settings::values.disable_macro_jit =
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Debugging", "disable_macro_jit", false);
 
     const auto title_list = sdl2_config->Get("AddOns", "title_ids", "");
     std::stringstream ss(title_list);
@@ -511,17 +488,14 @@ void Config::ReadValues() {
     }
 
     // Web Service
-    Settings::values.enable_telemetry =
+    ReadSetting("WebService", Settings::values.enable_telemetry);
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("WebService", "enable_telemetry", true);
+    ReadSetting("WebService", Settings::values.web_api_url);
-    Settings::values.web_api_url =
+    ReadSetting("WebService", Settings::values.yuzu_username);
-        sdl2_config->Get("WebService", "web_api_url", "https://api.yuzu-emu.org");
+    ReadSetting("WebService", Settings::values.yuzu_token);
-    Settings::values.yuzu_username = sdl2_config->Get("WebService", "yuzu_username", "");
-    Settings::values.yuzu_token = sdl2_config->Get("WebService", "yuzu_token", "");
 
     // Services
-    Settings::values.bcat_backend = sdl2_config->Get("Services", "bcat_backend", "none");
+    ReadSetting("Services", Settings::values.bcat_backend);
-    Settings::values.bcat_boxcat_local =
+    ReadSetting("Services", Settings::values.bcat_boxcat_local);
-        sdl2_config->GetBoolean("Services", "bcat_boxcat_local", false);
 }
 
 void Config::Reload() {

src/yuzu_cmd/config.h

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
 
+#include "common/settings.h"
+
 class INIReader;
 
 class Config {
@@ -22,4 +24,14 @@ public:
     ~Config();
 
     void Reload();
+
+private:
+    /**
+     * Applies a value read from the sdl2_config to a BasicSetting.
+     *
+     * @param group The name of the INI group
+     * @param setting The yuzu setting to modify
+     */
+    template <typename Type>
+    void ReadSetting(const std::string& group, Settings::BasicSetting<Type>& setting);
 };

src/yuzu_cmd/yuzu.cpp

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ static void InitializeLogging() {
     using namespace Common;
 
     Log::Filter log_filter(Log::Level::Debug);
-    log_filter.ParseFilterString(Settings::values.log_filter);
+    log_filter.ParseFilterString(static_cast<std::string>(Settings::values.log_filter));
     Log::SetGlobalFilter(log_filter);
 
     Log::AddBackend(std::make_unique<Log::ColorConsoleBackend>());